Jeremiah 51

Jeremiah 51

The big picture

Jeremiah 51 opens in verse 1 with “Thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will raise up against Babylon, and against them that…”, reaches its middle movement near verse 32 with “And that the passages are stopped, and the reeds they have burned with fire, and the men…”, and closes in verse 64 with “And thou shalt say, Thus shall Babylon sink, and shall not rise from the evil that I…” Repeated or prominent terms include Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces. Together, those details trace this chapter’s own movement from its opening to its conclusion.

Scripture beside the summary

Jeremiah · King James Version · 64

Jeremiah 51:1-8

1–8: Thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will raise up against Babylon, and…

Jeremiah 51:1–8 opens with “Thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will raise up against Babylon, and against them that dwell in…” and reaches “Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed: howl for her; take balm for her pain, if so be she may…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by Babylon, land, drunken.

Context that brings the passage to life

“Thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will raise up against Babylon, and against them that dwell in the midst of them that…” Naming Babylon keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“Against him that bendeth let the archer bend his bow, and against him that lifteth himself up in his brigandine: and…” Naming Against keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“For Israel hath not been forsaken, nor Judah of his God, of the LORD of hosts; though their land was filled with sin…” This line supplies a reason, result, or conclusion. It should stay attached to the claim or action that gives it meaning.

Jeremiah 51:1-8

King James Version

1Thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will raise up against Babylon, and against them that dwell in the midst of them that rise up against me, a destroying wind;

2And will send unto Babylon fanners, that shall fan her, and shall empty her land: for in the day of trouble they shall be against her round about.

3Against him that bendeth let the archer bend his bow, and against him that lifteth himself up in his brigandine: and spare ye not her young men; destroy ye utterly all her host.

4Thus the slain shall fall in the land of the Chaldeans, and they that are thrust through in her streets.

5For Israel hath not been forsaken, nor Judah of his God, of the LORD of hosts; though their land was filled with sin against the Holy One of Israel.

6Flee out of the midst of Babylon, and deliver every man his soul: be not cut off in her iniquity; for this is the time of the LORD’s vengeance; he will render unto her a recompence.

7Babylon hath been a golden cup in the LORD’s hand, that made all the earth drunken: the nations have drunken of her wine; therefore the nations are mad.

8Babylon is suddenly fallen and destroyed: howl for her; take balm for her pain, if so be she may be healed.

Jeremiah 51:9-16

9–16: We would have healed Babylon, but she is not healed: forsake her, and…

Jeremiah 51:9–16 opens with “We would have healed Babylon, but she is not healed: forsake her, and let us go every one into…” and reaches “When he uttereth his voice, there is a multitude of waters in the heavens; and he causeth the…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by LORD, Babylon, earth.

Context that brings the passage to life

“We would have healed Babylon, but she is not healed: forsake her, and let us go every one into his own country: for…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

“Make bright the arrows; gather the shields: the LORD hath raised up the spirit of the kings of the Medes: for his…” Naming Babylon and Make keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“O thou that dwellest upon many waters, abundant in treasures, thine end is come, and the measure of thy covetousness.” The line’s distinctive content terms include abundant, covetousness, dwellest. Its relationship to verses 12 and 14 shows what work it does in this passage.

Jeremiah 51:9-16

King James Version

9We would have healed Babylon, but she is not healed: forsake her, and let us go every one into his own country: for her judgment reacheth unto heaven, and is lifted up even to the skies.

10The LORD hath brought forth our righteousness: come, and let us declare in Zion the work of the LORD our God.

11Make bright the arrows; gather the shields: the LORD hath raised up the spirit of the kings of the Medes: for his device is against Babylon, to destroy it; because it is the vengeance of the LORD , the vengeance of his temple.

12Set up the standard upon the walls of Babylon, make the watch strong, set up the watchmen, prepare the ambushes: for the LORD hath both devised and done that which he spake against the inhabitants of Babylon.

13O thou that dwellest upon many waters, abundant in treasures, thine end is come, and the measure of thy covetousness.

14The LORD of hosts hath sworn by himself, saying, Surely I will fill thee with men, as with caterpillers; and they shall lift up a shout against thee.

15He hath made the earth by his power, he hath established the world by his wisdom, and hath stretched out the heaven by his understanding.

16When he uttereth his voice, there is a multitude of waters in the heavens; and he causeth the vapours to ascend from the ends of the earth: he maketh lightnings with rain, and bringeth forth the wind out of his treasures.

Jeremiah 51:17-24

17–24: Every man is brutish by his knowledge; every founder is confounded by…

Jeremiah 51:17–24 opens with “Every man is brutish by his knowledge; every founder is confounded by the graven image: for his…” and reaches “And I will render unto Babylon and to all the inhabitants of Chaldea all their evil that they…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by break, pieces, image.

Context that brings the passage to life

“Every man is brutish by his knowledge; every founder is confounded by the graven image: for his molten image is…” Naming Every keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“The portion of Jacob is not like them; for he is the former of all things: and Israel is the rod of his inheritance…” Naming Israel and Jacob keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“And with thee will I break in pieces the horse and his rider; and with thee will I break in pieces the chariot and his…” The line’s distinctive content terms include break, pieces, rider. Its relationship to verses 20 and 22 shows what work it does in this passage.

Jeremiah 51:17-24

King James Version

17Every man is brutish by his knowledge; every founder is confounded by the graven image: for his molten image is falsehood, and there is no breath in them.

18They are vanity, the work of errors: in the time of their visitation they shall perish.

19The portion of Jacob is not like them; for he is the former of all things: and Israel is the rod of his inheritance: the LORD of hosts is his name.

20Thou art my battle axe and weapons of war: for with thee will I break in pieces the nations, and with thee will I destroy kingdoms;

21And with thee will I break in pieces the horse and his rider; and with thee will I break in pieces the chariot and his rider;

22With thee also will I break in pieces man and woman; and with thee will I break in pieces old and young; and with thee will I break in pieces the young man and the maid;

23I will also break in pieces with thee the shepherd and his flock; and with thee will I break in pieces the husbandman and his yoke of oxen; and with thee will I break in pieces captains and rulers.

24And I will render unto Babylon and to all the inhabitants of Chaldea all their evil that they have done in Zion in your sight, saith the LORD .

Jeremiah 51:25-32

25–32: Behold, I am against thee, O destroying mountain, saith the LORD , which…

Jeremiah 51:25–32 opens with “Behold, I am against thee, O destroying mountain, saith the LORD , which destroyest all the…” and reaches “And that the passages are stopped, and the reeds they have burned with fire, and the men of war…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by Babylon, land, LORD.

Context that brings the passage to life

“Behold, I am against thee, O destroying mountain, saith the LORD , which destroyest all the earth: and I will stretch…” The line’s distinctive content terms include mountain, burnt, destroyest. Its relationship to verses 26 shows what work it does in this passage.

“Set ye up a standard in the land, blow the trumpet among the nations, prepare the nations against her, call together…” Naming Ararat and Ashchenaz keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“And the land shall tremble and sorrow: for every purpose of the LORD shall be performed against Babylon, to make the…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

Jeremiah 51:25-32

King James Version

25Behold, I am against thee, O destroying mountain, saith the LORD , which destroyest all the earth: and I will stretch out mine hand upon thee, and roll thee down from the rocks, and will make thee a burnt mountain.

26And they shall not take of thee a stone for a corner, nor a stone for foundations; but thou shalt be desolate for ever, saith the LORD .

27Set ye up a standard in the land, blow the trumpet among the nations, prepare the nations against her, call together against her the kingdoms of Ararat, Minni, and Ashchenaz; appoint a captain against her; cause the horses to come up as the rough caterpillers.

28Prepare against her the nations with the kings of the Medes, the captains thereof, and all the rulers thereof, and all the land of his dominion.

29And the land shall tremble and sorrow: for every purpose of the LORD shall be performed against Babylon, to make the land of Babylon a desolation without an inhabitant.

30The mighty men of Babylon have forborn to fight, they have remained in their holds: their might hath failed; they became as women: they have burned her dwellingplaces; her bars are broken.

31One post shall run to meet another, and one messenger to meet another, to shew the king of Babylon that his city is taken at one end,

32And that the passages are stopped, and the reeds they have burned with fire, and the men of war are affrighted.

Jeremiah 51:33-40

33–40: For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; The daughter of…

Jeremiah 51:33–40 opens with “For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; The daughter of Babylon is like a…” and reaches “I will bring them down like lambs to the slaughter, like rams with he goats.” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by Babylon, LORD, inhabitant.

Context that brings the passage to life

“For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; The daughter of Babylon is like a threshingfloor, it is time to…” This line supplies a reason, result, or conclusion. It should stay attached to the claim or action that gives it meaning.

“The violence done to me and to my flesh be upon Babylon, shall the inhabitant of Zion say; and my blood upon the…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

“And Babylon shall become heaps, a dwellingplace for dragons, an astonishment, and an hissing, without an inhabitant.” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

Jeremiah 51:33-40

King James Version

33For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; The daughter of Babylon is like a threshingfloor, it is time to thresh her: yet a little while, and the time of her harvest shall come.

34Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon hath devoured me, he hath crushed me, he hath made me an empty vessel, he hath swallowed me up like a dragon, he hath filled his belly with my delicates, he hath cast me out.

35The violence done to me and to my flesh be upon Babylon, shall the inhabitant of Zion say; and my blood upon the inhabitants of Chaldea, shall Jerusalem say.

36Therefore thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will plead thy cause, and take vengeance for thee; and I will dry up her sea, and make her springs dry.

37And Babylon shall become heaps, a dwellingplace for dragons, an astonishment, and an hissing, without an inhabitant.

38They shall roar together like lions: they shall yell as lions’ whelps.

39In their heat I will make their feasts, and I will make them drunken, that they may rejoice, and sleep a perpetual sleep, and not wake, saith the LORD .

40I will bring them down like lambs to the slaughter, like rams with he goats.

Jeremiah 51:41-48

41–48: How is Sheshach taken! and how is the praise of the whole earth…

Jeremiah 51:41–48 opens with “How is Sheshach taken! and how is the praise of the whole earth surprised! how is Babylon become…” and reaches “Then the heaven and the earth, and all that is therein, shall sing for Babylon: for the spoilers…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by Babylon, land, rumour.

Context that brings the passage to life

“How is Sheshach taken! and how is the praise of the whole earth surprised! how is Babylon become an astonishment among…” Naming Babylon and Sheshach keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“Her cities are a desolation, a dry land, and a wilderness, a land wherein no man dwelleth, neither doth any son of man…” Naming Her keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“My people, go ye out of the midst of her, and deliver ye every man his soul from the fierce anger of the LORD .” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

Jeremiah 51:41-48

King James Version

41How is Sheshach taken! and how is the praise of the whole earth surprised! how is Babylon become an astonishment among the nations!

42The sea is come up upon Babylon: she is covered with the multitude of the waves thereof.

43Her cities are a desolation, a dry land, and a wilderness, a land wherein no man dwelleth, neither doth any son of man pass thereby.

44And I will punish Bel in Babylon, and I will bring forth out of his mouth that which he hath swallowed up: and the nations shall not flow together any more unto him: yea, the wall of Babylon shall fall.

45My people, go ye out of the midst of her, and deliver ye every man his soul from the fierce anger of the LORD .

46And lest your heart faint, and ye fear for the rumour that shall be heard in the land; a rumour shall both come one year, and after that in another year shall come a rumour, and violence in the land, ruler against ruler.

47Therefore, behold, the days come, that I will do judgment upon the graven images of Babylon: and her whole land shall be confounded, and all her slain shall fall in the midst of her.

48Then the heaven and the earth, and all that is therein, shall sing for Babylon: for the spoilers shall come unto her from the north, saith the LORD .

Jeremiah 51:49-56

49–56: As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon shall…

Jeremiah 51:49–56 opens with “As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon shall fall the slain of all…” and reaches “Because the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, every one…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by Babylon, LORD, fall.

Context that brings the passage to life

“As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon shall fall the slain of all the earth.” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

“We are confounded, because we have heard reproach: shame hath covered our faces: for strangers are come into the…” The line’s distinctive content terms include confounded, covered, faces. Its relationship to verses 50 and 52 shows what work it does in this passage.

“Though Babylon should mount up to heaven, and though she should fortify the height of her strength, yet from me shall…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

Jeremiah 51:49-56

King James Version

49As Babylon hath caused the slain of Israel to fall, so at Babylon shall fall the slain of all the earth.

50Ye that have escaped the sword, go away, stand not still: remember the LORD afar off, and let Jerusalem come into your mind.

51We are confounded, because we have heard reproach: shame hath covered our faces: for strangers are come into the sanctuaries of the LORD’s house.

52Wherefore, behold, the days come, saith the LORD , that I will do judgment upon her graven images: and through all her land the wounded shall groan.

53Though Babylon should mount up to heaven, and though she should fortify the height of her strength, yet from me shall spoilers come unto her, saith the LORD .

54A sound of a cry cometh from Babylon, and great destruction from the land of the Chaldeans:

55Because the LORD hath spoiled Babylon, and destroyed out of her the great voice; when her waves do roar like great waters, a noise of their voice is uttered:

56Because the spoiler is come upon her, even upon Babylon, and her mighty men are taken, every one of their bows is broken: for the LORD God of recompences shall surely requite.

Jeremiah 51:57-64

57–64: I will make drunk her princes, and her wise men, her captains, and her…

Jeremiah 51:57–64 opens with “And I will make drunk her princes, and her wise men, her captains, and her rulers, and her…” and reaches “And thou shalt say, Thus shall Babylon sink, and shall not rise from the evil that I will bring…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on Jeremiah 51 develops its own movement around Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, with particular weight carried by Babylon, Jeremiah, LORD.

Context that brings the passage to life

“And I will make drunk her princes, and her wise men, her captains, and her rulers, and her mighty men: and they shall…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

“The word which Jeremiah the prophet commanded Seraiah the son of Neriah, the son of Maaseiah, when he went with…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

“And Jeremiah said to Seraiah, When thou comest to Babylon, and shalt see, and shalt read all these words;” Naming Babylon and Jeremiah keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

“And it shall be, when thou hast made an end of reading this book, that thou shalt bind a stone to it, and cast it into…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

Jeremiah 51:57-64

King James Version

57And I will make drunk her princes, and her wise men, her captains, and her rulers, and her mighty men: and they shall sleep a perpetual sleep, and not wake, saith the King, whose name is the LORD of hosts.

58Thus saith the LORD of hosts; The broad walls of Babylon shall be utterly broken, and her high gates shall be burned with fire; and the people shall labour in vain, and the folk in the fire, and they shall be weary.

59The word which Jeremiah the prophet commanded Seraiah the son of Neriah, the son of Maaseiah, when he went with Zedekiah the king of Judah into Babylon in the fourth year of his reign. And this Seraiah was a quiet prince.

60So Jeremiah wrote in a book all the evil that should come upon Babylon, even all these words that are written against Babylon.

61And Jeremiah said to Seraiah, When thou comest to Babylon, and shalt see, and shalt read all these words;

62Then shalt thou say, O LORD , thou hast spoken against this place, to cut it off, that none shall remain in it, neither man nor beast, but that it shall be desolate for ever.

63And it shall be, when thou hast made an end of reading this book, that thou shalt bind a stone to it, and cast it into the midst of Euphrates:

64And thou shalt say, Thus shall Babylon sink, and shall not rise from the evil that I will bring upon her: and they shall be weary. Thus far are the words of Jeremiah.

Details worth noticing

64verses in this reading
8major movements
2verses with speech

The opening image

Jeremiah 51:1 begins with “Thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will raise up against Babylon, and against them that dwell in the midst of them that rise up against me, a destroying wind;”

Where the chapter turns

Jeremiah 51:36 forms a natural hinge: “Therefore thus saith the LORD ; Behold, I will plead thy cause, and take vengeance for thee; and I will dry up her sea, and make her springs dry.”

The final note

Jeremiah 51:64 leaves the reader with “And thou shalt say, Thus shall Babylon sink, and shall not rise from the evil that I will bring upon her: and they shall be weary. Thus far are the words…”

A word trail through the chapter

The words Babylon, LORD, land, break, pieces, nations help reveal the chapter’s repeated concerns.

KJV words made clear

dominion
responsibility or rule
behold
look, or pay close attention
unto
to
thee
you
thou
you

Text first

Where readers differ

The chapter summary begins with what the passage says and how its parts fit together. It does not assume one denomination has already settled every question. Where a conclusion depends on a tradition, literary theory, or historical reconstruction, that dependence is named openly.

The KJV text is presented first. Interpretive conclusions are labeled, and differences are introduced only when they help a reader understand why serious communities do not always reach the same answer.

Comparative interpretive notes for this chapter are in preparation. Until reviewed notes are ready, this page separates the KJV text from summary and application without claiming that serious readers agree on every question.