O panorama
1 Samuel 24 abre com “And it came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines, that it was…”, muda perto do versículo 11 com “Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut…” e termina com “And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto…”. Esses pontos traçam o movimento próprio do capítulo, da abertura à conclusão.
A Escritura ao lado do resumo
1 Samuel · Versão King James · 221 Samuel 24:1-8
Versículos 1–8: It came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines…
1 Samuel 24:1–8 abre com “And it came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines, that it was told…” e chega a “David also arose afterward, and went out of the cave, and cried after Saul, saying, My lord the…” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve 1 Samuel 24 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.
Contexto que dá vida à passagem
“And it came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines, that it was told him, saying, Behold…” Esse conhecido sinal narrativo faz o tempo avançar. O que segue é uma nova cena, consequência ou resposta a uma tensão anterior.
“And he came to the sheepcotes by the way, where was a cave; and Saul went in to cover his feet: and David and his men…” Nomear David e Saul mantém o relato ligado a pessoas ou lugares concretos. Acompanhe onde o nome retorna e o que muda ao redor dele.
“And it came to pass afterward, that David’s heart smote him, because he had cut off Saul’s skirt.” Esse conhecido sinal narrativo faz o tempo avançar. O que segue é uma nova cena, consequência ou resposta a uma tensão anterior.
“So David stayed his servants with these words, and suffered them not to rise against Saul. But Saul rose up out of the…” Esta linha fornece uma razão, resultado ou conclusão. Ela deve permanecer ligada à afirmação ou ação que lhe dá sentido.
1 Samuel 24:1-8
Versão King James1And it came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines, that it was told him, saying, Behold, David is in the wilderness of En-gedi.
2Then Saul took three thousand chosen men out of all Israel, and went to seek David and his men upon the rocks of the wild goats.
3And he came to the sheepcotes by the way, where was a cave; and Saul went in to cover his feet: and David and his men remained in the sides of the cave.
4And the men of David said unto him, Behold the day of which the LORD said unto thee, Behold, I will deliver thine enemy into thine hand, that thou mayest do to him as it shall seem good unto thee. Then David arose, and cut off the skirt of Saul’s robe privily.
5And it came to pass afterward, that David’s heart smote him, because he had cut off Saul’s skirt.
6And he said unto his men, The LORD forbid that I should do this thing unto my master, the LORD’s anointed, to stretch forth mine hand against him, seeing he is the anointed of the LORD .
7So David stayed his servants with these words, and suffered them not to rise against Saul. But Saul rose up out of the cave, and went on his way.
8David also arose afterward, and went out of the cave, and cried after Saul, saying, My lord the king. And when Saul looked behind him, David stooped with his face to the earth, and bowed himself.
1 Samuel 24:9-16
Versículos 9–16: David said to Saul, Wherefore hearest thou men’s words, saying, Behold…
1 Samuel 24:9–16 abre com “And David said to Saul, Wherefore hearest thou men’s words, saying, Behold, David seeketh thy…” e chega a “And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these words unto Saul, that Saul…” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve 1 Samuel 24 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.
Contexto que dá vida à passagem
Este bloco contém 3 perguntas. Elas não são simples pontuação: mostram onde uma voz procura, desafia, teme ou tenta compreender.
“And David said to Saul, Wherefore hearest thou men’s words, saying, Behold, David seeketh thy hurt?” A pergunta desacelera a passagem. Observe quem precisa responder, o que ela pressupõe e se as linhas seguintes apresentam uma resposta.
“Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut off the skirt of thy robe, and…” Nomear Moreover mantém o relato ligado a pessoas ou lugares concretos. Acompanhe onde o nome retorna e o que muda ao redor dele.
“As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.
1 Samuel 24:9-16
Versão King James9And David said to Saul, Wherefore hearest thou men’s words, saying, Behold, David seeketh thy hurt?
10Behold, this day thine eyes have seen how that the LORD had delivered thee to day into mine hand in the cave: and some bade me kill thee: but mine eye spared thee; and I said, I will not put forth mine hand against my lord; for he is the LORD’s anointed.
11Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut off the skirt of thy robe, and killed thee not, know thou and see that there is neither evil nor transgression in mine hand, and I have not sinned against thee; yet thou huntest my soul to take it.
12The LORD judge between me and thee, and the LORD avenge me of thee: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.
13As saith the proverb of the ancients, Wickedness proceedeth from the wicked: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.
14After whom is the king of Israel come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a flea.
15The LORD therefore be judge, and judge between me and thee, and see, and plead my cause, and deliver me out of thine hand.
16And it came to pass, when David had made an end of speaking these words unto Saul, that Saul said, Is this thy voice, my son David? And Saul lifted up his voice, and wept.
1 Samuel 24:17-22
Versículos 17–22: He said to David, Thou art more righteous than I: for thou hast rewarded…
1 Samuel 24:17–22 abre com “And he said to David, Thou art more righteous than I: for thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I…” e chega a “And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold.” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve 1 Samuel 24 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.
Contexto que dá vida à passagem
Este bloco contém 1 perguntas. Elas não são simples pontuação: mostram onde uma voz procura, desafia, teme ou tenta compreender.
“And he said to David, Thou art more righteous than I: for thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I have rewarded thee…” Nomear David e Thou mantém o relato ligado a pessoas ou lugares concretos. Acompanhe onde o nome retorna e o que muda ao redor dele.
1 Samuel 24:17-22
Versão King James17And he said to David, Thou art more righteous than I: for thou hast rewarded me good, whereas I have rewarded thee evil.
18And thou hast shewed this day how that thou hast dealt well with me: forasmuch as when the LORD had delivered me into thine hand, thou killedst me not.
19For if a man find his enemy, will he let him go well away? wherefore the LORD reward thee good for that thou hast done unto me this day.
20And now, behold, I know well that thou shalt surely be king, and that the kingdom of Israel shall be established in thine hand.
21Swear now therefore unto me by the LORD , that thou wilt not cut off my seed after me, and that thou wilt not destroy my name out of my father’s house.
22And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold.
Detalhes que merecem atenção
A imagem de abertura
1 Samuel 24:1 começa com “And it came to pass, when Saul was returned from following the Philistines, that it was told him, saying, Behold, David is in the wilderness of En-gedi.”
Onde o capítulo muda
1 Samuel 24:9 forma uma mudança natural: “And David said to Saul, Wherefore hearest thou men’s words, saying, Behold, David seeketh thy hurt?”
A nota final
1 Samuel 24:22 deixa o leitor com “And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold.”
Um caminho de palavras pelo capítulo
As palavras David, Saul, LORD, hand, cave, skirt ajudam a revelar as preocupações repetidas do capítulo.
Primeiro o texto
Onde os leitores divergem
O resumo começa com o que a passagem diz e como suas partes se relacionam. Ele não presume que uma denominação já resolveu todas as questões. A dependência de uma tradição, teoria literária ou reconstrução histórica é claramente identificada.
O texto KJV aparece primeiro. As conclusões interpretativas são identificadas, e as diferenças surgem quando ajudam a explicar por que comunidades sérias nem sempre chegam à mesma resposta.
As notas interpretativas comparativas deste capítulo estão em preparação. Até que as notas revisadas estejam prontas, esta página separa o texto KJV do resumo e da aplicação sem afirmar que leitores responsáveis concordam em todas as questões.