Deuteronômio 20

Deuteronômio 20

O panorama

Deuteronômio 20 abre com “When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and…”, muda perto do versículo 10 com “When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.” e termina com “Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy…”. Esses pontos traçam o movimento próprio do capítulo, da abertura à conclusão.

A Escritura ao lado do resumo

Deuteronômio · Versão King James · 20

Deuteronômio 20:1-7

Versículos 1–7: When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses…

Deuteronômio 20:1–7 abre com “When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a…” e chega a “And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return…” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve Deuteronômio 20 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.

Contexto que dá vida à passagem

Este bloco contém 3 perguntas. Elas não são simples pontuação: mostram onde uma voz procura, desafia, teme ou tenta compreender.

“When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be…” Nomear Egypt mantém o relato ligado a pessoas ou lugares concretos. Acompanhe onde o nome retorna e o que muda ao redor dele.

“And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people,” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.

“And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts…” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.

Deuteronômio 20:1-7

Versão King James

1When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the LORD thy God is with thee, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.

2And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people,

3And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified because of them;

4For the LORD your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.

5And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.

6And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it.

7And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.

Deuteronômio 20:8-14

Versículos 8–14: The officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say…

Deuteronômio 20:8–14 abre com “And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that…” e chega a “But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the…” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve Deuteronômio 20 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.

Contexto que dá vida à passagem

Este bloco contém 1 perguntas. Elas não são simples pontuação: mostram onde uma voz procura, desafia, teme ou tenta compreender.

“And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and…” A pergunta desacelera a passagem. Observe quem precisa responder, o que ela pressupõe e se as linhas seguintes apresentam uma resposta.

“And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the…” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.

Deuteronômio 20:8-14

Versão King James

8And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren’s heart faint as well as his heart.

9And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people.

10When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.

11And it shall be, if it make thee answer of peace, and open unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people that is found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee.

12And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it:

13And when the LORD thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword:

14But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the LORD thy God hath given thee.

Deuteronômio 20:15-20

Versículos 15–20: Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee…

Deuteronômio 20:15–20 abre com “Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the…” e chega a “Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut…” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve Deuteronômio 20 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.

Contexto que dá vida à passagem

“Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.” Os termos próprios desta linha incluem cities, nations. A relação com os versículos 16 permite verificar sua função na passagem.

“But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive…” O versículo nomeia God em vez de deixar a ação sem uma fonte. Observe se a linha seguinte continua, responde ou contrasta essa ação.

“But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the…” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.

Deuteronômio 20:15-20

Versão King James

15Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.

16But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth:

17But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee:

18That they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so should ye sin against the LORD your God.

19When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man’s life) to employ them in the siege:

20Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it be subdued.

Detalhes que merecem atenção

20versículos nesta leitura
3movimentos principais
4perguntas no texto KJV

A imagem de abertura

Deuteronomy 20:1 começa com “When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the LORD thy…”

Onde o capítulo muda

Deuteronomy 20:8 forma uma mudança natural: “And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto…”

A nota final

Deuteronomy 20:20 deixa o leitor com “Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city…”

Um caminho de palavras pelo capítulo

As palavras people, LORD, battle, house, city, enemies ajudam a revelar as preocupações repetidas do capítulo.

Primeiro o texto

Onde os leitores divergem

O resumo começa com o que a passagem diz e como suas partes se relacionam. Ele não presume que uma denominação já resolveu todas as questões. A dependência de uma tradição, teoria literária ou reconstrução histórica é claramente identificada.

O texto KJV aparece primeiro. As conclusões interpretativas são identificadas, e as diferenças surgem quando ajudam a explicar por que comunidades sérias nem sempre chegam à mesma resposta.

As notas interpretativas comparativas deste capítulo estão em preparação. Até que as notas revisadas estejam prontas, esta página separa o texto KJV do resumo e da aplicação sem afirmar que leitores responsáveis concordam em todas as questões.