Genesis 40 · Joseph and his brothers
Two royal officials are imprisoned with Joseph. Their dreams become an opportunity for service and a possible path to release. Joseph speaks of God as the source of interpretation, but his request to be remembered goes unanswered.
The biblical text
1And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker had offended their lord the king of Egypt.
2And Pharaoh was wroth against two of his officers, against the chief of the butlers, and against the chief of the bakers.
3And he put them in ward in the house of the captain of the guard, into the prison, the place where Joseph was bound.
4And the captain of the guard charged Joseph with them, and he served them: and they continued a season in ward.
5And they dreamed a dream both of them, each man his dream in one night, each man according to the interpretation of his dream, the butler and the baker of the king of Egypt, which were bound in the prison.
6And Joseph came in unto them in the morning, and looked upon them, and, behold, they were sad.
7And he asked Pharaoh’s officers that were with him in the ward of his lord’s house, saying, Wherefore look ye so sadly to day?
8And they said unto him, We have dreamed a dream, and there is no interpreter of it. And Joseph said unto them, Do not interpretations belong to God? tell me them, I pray you.
9And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said to him, In my dream, behold, a vine was before me;
10And in the vine were three branches: and it was as though it budded, and her blossoms shot forth; and the clusters thereof brought forth ripe grapes:
11And Pharaoh’s cup was in my hand: and I took the grapes, and pressed them into Pharaoh’s cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh’s hand.
12And Joseph said unto him, This is the interpretation of it: The three branches are three days:
13Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thine head, and restore thee unto thy place: and thou shalt deliver Pharaoh’s cup into his hand, after the former manner when thou wast his butler.
14But think on me when it shall be well with thee, and shew kindness, I pray thee, unto me, and make mention of me unto Pharaoh, and bring me out of this house:
15For indeed I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews: and here also have I done nothing that they should put me into the dungeon.
16When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was good, he said unto Joseph, I also was in my dream, and, behold, I had three white baskets on my head:
17And in the uppermost basket there was of all manner of bakemeats for Pharaoh; and the birds did eat them out of the basket upon my head.
18And Joseph answered and said, This is the interpretation thereof: The three baskets are three days:
19Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thy head from off thee, and shall hang thee on a tree; and the birds shall eat thy flesh from off thee.
20And it came to pass the third day, which was Pharaoh’s birthday, that he made a feast unto all his servants: and he lifted up the head of the chief butler and of the chief baker among his servants.
21And he restored the chief butler unto his butlership again; and he gave the cup into Pharaoh’s hand:
22But he hanged the chief baker: as Joseph had interpreted to them.
23Yet did not the chief butler remember Joseph, but forgat him.
King James Version. Text from eBible.org. Edition and rights.
Original study notes
The cupbearer and baker are placed in custody, and Joseph serves them. He notices their sadness and asks about it. They have no interpreter, and Joseph directs the question of interpretation toward God rather than claiming autonomous supernatural power.
The cupbearer's dream announces restoration to office after three days; the baker's announces death. Joseph does not give both men a comforting answer. He asks the cupbearer to remember him and describes his removal from his homeland and unjust imprisonment.
On Pharaoh's birthday the two interpretations come true. The cupbearer returns to service but forgets Joseph. Accuracy in interpreting the dreams does not immediately free the interpreter. The final sentence deliberately leaves him waiting.
The episode does not establish a universal dream dictionary. Its interpretations belong to specific revelations within Joseph's story, not to a technique every reader can apply.
Explore difficult questions →He notices that the officials look troubled and asks why.
His interpretations are fulfilled, but his personal appeal is forgotten.
Read these passages in context. Notice what they repeat, develop or clarify.
