Ang malaking larawan
Nagbubukas ang Deuteronomio 20 sa “When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and…”, nagbabago malapit sa talata 10 sa “When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.”, at nagtatapos sa “Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy…”. Sinusundan ng mga puntong ito ang sariling galaw ng kabanata mula simula hanggang wakas.
Kasulatan sa tabi ng buod
Deuteronomio · Bersiyong King James · 20Deuteronomio 20:1-7
Mga talata 1–7: When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses…
Nagbubukas ang Deuteronomio 20:1–7 sa “When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a…” at umaabot sa “And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return…” sa huling talata. Binubuo ng galaw na iyon ang Binubuo ang Deuteronomio 20 sa pamamagitan ng sarili nitong mga tinig, kilos, pahayag, at bunga.
Kontekstong nagbibigay-buhay sa sipi
May 3 mga tanong sa bahaging ito. Hindi lamang bantas ang mga ito: ipinakikita nila kung saan naghahanap, humahamon, natatakot, o umuunawa ang isang tinig.
“When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be…” Ang pagbanggit sa Egypt ay nag-uugat sa salaysay sa tiyak na tao o lugar. Sundan kung saan bumabalik ang pangalan at ano ang nagbabago sa paligid nito.
“And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people,” Hindi mauunawaan ang utos sa pandiwa lamang. Ang tumatanggap, layunin, at lugar nito sa mas malaking tipan o pangangatwiran ang nagtatakda ng pananagutan.
“And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts…” Hindi mauunawaan ang utos sa pandiwa lamang. Ang tumatanggap, layunin, at lugar nito sa mas malaking tipan o pangangatwiran ang nagtatakda ng pananagutan.
Deuteronomio 20:1-7
Bersiyong King James1When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the LORD thy God is with thee, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.
2And it shall be, when ye are come nigh unto the battle, that the priest shall approach and speak unto the people,
3And shall say unto them, Hear, O Israel, ye approach this day unto battle against your enemies: let not your hearts faint, fear not, and do not tremble, neither be ye terrified because of them;
4For the LORD your God is he that goeth with you, to fight for you against your enemies, to save you.
5And the officers shall speak unto the people, saying, What man is there that hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.
6And what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? let him also go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man eat of it.
7And what man is there that hath betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? let him go and return unto his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.
Deuteronomio 20:8-14
Mga talata 8–14: The officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say…
Nagbubukas ang Deuteronomio 20:8–14 sa “And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that…” at umaabot sa “But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the…” sa huling talata. Binubuo ng galaw na iyon ang Binubuo ang Deuteronomio 20 sa pamamagitan ng sarili nitong mga tinig, kilos, pahayag, at bunga.
Kontekstong nagbibigay-buhay sa sipi
May 1 mga tanong sa bahaging ito. Hindi lamang bantas ang mga ito: ipinakikita nila kung saan naghahanap, humahamon, natatakot, o umuunawa ang isang tinig.
“And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and…” Pinababagal ng tanong ang sipi. Pansinin kung sino ang kailangang sumagot, ano ang ipinapalagay nito, at kung may tugon sa mga susunod na linya.
“And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the…” Hindi mauunawaan ang utos sa pandiwa lamang. Ang tumatanggap, layunin, at lugar nito sa mas malaking tipan o pangangatwiran ang nagtatakda ng pananagutan.
Deuteronomio 20:8-14
Bersiyong King James8And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto his house, lest his brethren’s heart faint as well as his heart.
9And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking unto the people, that they shall make captains of the armies to lead the people.
10When thou comest nigh unto a city to fight against it, then proclaim peace unto it.
11And it shall be, if it make thee answer of peace, and open unto thee, then it shall be, that all the people that is found therein shall be tributaries unto thee, and they shall serve thee.
12And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it:
13And when the LORD thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword:
14But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the LORD thy God hath given thee.
Deuteronomio 20:15-20
Mga talata 15–20: Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee…
Nagbubukas ang Deuteronomio 20:15–20 sa “Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the…” at umaabot sa “Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut…” sa huling talata. Binubuo ng galaw na iyon ang Binubuo ang Deuteronomio 20 sa pamamagitan ng sarili nitong mga tinig, kilos, pahayag, at bunga.
Kontekstong nagbibigay-buhay sa sipi
“Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.” Kabilang sa mga natatanging salita sa linyang ito ang cities, nations. Masusuri ang gawain nito sa sipi sa ugnayan nito sa mga talata 16.
“But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive…” Pinapangalanan ng talata ang God sa halip na iwanang walang pinagmulan ang kilos. Pansinin kung ipinagpapatuloy, sinasagot, o inihahambing ito ng susunod na linya.
Deuteronomio 20:15-20
Bersiyong King James15Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.
16But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth:
17But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee:
18That they teach you not to do after all their abominations, which they have done unto their gods; so should ye sin against the LORD your God.
19When thou shalt besiege a city a long time, in making war against it to take it, thou shalt not destroy the trees thereof by forcing an axe against them: for thou mayest eat of them, and thou shalt not cut them down (for the tree of the field is man’s life) to employ them in the siege:
20Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city that maketh war with thee, until it be subdued.
Mga detalyeng dapat mapansin
Ang pambungad na larawan
Nagsisimula ang Deuteronomy 20:1 sa “When thou goest out to battle against thine enemies, and seest horses, and chariots, and a people more than thou, be not afraid of them: for the LORD thy…”
Kung saan nagbabago ang kabanata
Nagiging likas na pagbabago ang Deuteronomy 20:8: “And the officers shall speak further unto the people, and they shall say, What man is there that is fearful and fainthearted? let him go and return unto…”
Ang huling himig
Iniiwan ng Deuteronomy 20:20 sa mambabasa ang “Only the trees which thou knowest that they be not trees for meat, thou shalt destroy and cut them down; and thou shalt build bulwarks against the city…”
Landas ng mga salita sa kabanata
Tinutulungan ng mga salitang people, LORD, battle, house, city, enemies na makita ang paulit-ulit na alalahanin ng kabanata.
Unahin ang teksto
Kung saan nagkakaiba ang mga mambabasa
Nagsisimula ang buod sa sinasabi ng sipi at sa ugnayan ng mga bahagi nito. Hindi nito ipinapalagay na nalutas na ng isang denominasyon ang lahat ng tanong. Malinaw na tinutukoy kung ang konklusyon ay nakasalalay sa tradisyon, teoryang pampanitikan, o rekonstruksiyong pangkasaysayan.
Unang inihaharap ang tekstong KJV. Nilalagyan ng malinaw na pangalan ang mga interpretasyon, at ipinapakita lamang ang mga pagkakaiba kapag nakatutulong ang mga ito upang maunawaan kung bakit hindi palaging iisa ang sagot ng mga seryosong komunidad.
Inihahanda pa ang paghahambing ng mga interpretasyon para sa kabanatang ito. Habang wala pa ang mga nasuring tala, malinaw na pinaghihiwalay ng pahinang ito ang teksto ng KJV, buod, at aplikasyon nang hindi sinasabing nagkakasundo ang lahat ng responsableng mambabasa sa bawat tanong.
