O panorama
Isaías 28 abre com “Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a…”, muda perto do versículo 15 com “Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at…” e termina com “This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and…”. Esses pontos traçam o movimento próprio do capítulo, da abertura à conclusão.
A Escritura ao lado do resumo
Isaías · Versão King James · 29Isaías 28:1-8
Versículos 1–8: Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious…
Isaías 28:1–8 abre com “Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading…” e chega a “For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean.” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve Isaías 28 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.
Contexto que dá vida à passagem
“Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the…” Nomear Ephraim e Woe mantém o relato ligado a pessoas ou lugares concretos. Acompanhe onde o nome retorna e o que muda ao redor dele.
“The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.
“In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of his…” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.
“But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have…” Os termos próprios desta linha incluem drink, strong, erred. A relação com os versículos 6 e 8 permite verificar sua função na passagem.
Isaías 28:1-8
Versão King James1Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine!
2Behold, the Lord hath a mighty and strong one, which as a tempest of hail and a destroying storm, as a flood of mighty waters overflowing, shall cast down to the earth with the hand.
3The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:
4And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, shall be a fading flower, and as the hasty fruit before the summer; which when he that looketh upon it seeth, while it is yet in his hand he eateth it up.
5In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of his people,
6And for a spirit of judgment to him that sitteth in judgment, and for strength to them that turn the battle to the gate.
7But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment.
8For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean.
Isaías 28:9-16
Versículos 9–16: Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand…
Isaías 28:9–16 abre com “Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are…” e chega a “Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD , Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried…” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve Isaías 28 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.
Contexto que dá vida à passagem
Este bloco contém 1 perguntas. Elas não são simples pontuação: mostram onde uma voz procura, desafia, teme ou tenta compreender.
“Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and…” A pergunta desacelera a passagem. Observe quem precisa responder, o que ela pressupõe e se as linhas seguintes apresentam uma resposta.
“For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people.” Esta linha fornece uma razão, resultado ou conclusão. Ela deve permanecer ligada à afirmação ou ação que lhe dá sentido.
“But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line…” Os termos próprios desta linha incluem line, precept, little. A relação com os versículos 12 e 14 permite verificar sua função na passagem.
Isaías 28:9-16
Versão King James9Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts.
10For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little:
11For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people.
12To whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye may cause the weary to rest; and this is the refreshing: yet they would not hear.
13But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little; that they might go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken.
14Wherefore hear the word of the LORD , ye scornful men, that rule this people which is in Jerusalem.
15Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come unto us: for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves:
16Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD , Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.
Isaías 28:17-24
Versículos 17–24: Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet…
Isaías 28:17–24 abre com “Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep…” e chega a “Doth the plowman plow all day to sow? doth he open and break the clods of his ground?” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve Isaías 28 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.
Contexto que dá vida à passagem
Este bloco contém 1 perguntas. Elas não são simples pontuação: mostram onde uma voz procura, desafia, teme ou tenta compreender.
“Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of…” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.
“From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, by day and by night…” A ordem não pode ser entendida apenas pelo verbo. O destinatário, o propósito e seu lugar na aliança ou argumento definem a responsabilidade.
“For the LORD shall rise up as in mount Perazim, he shall be wroth as in the valley of Gibeon, that he may do his work…” Esta linha fornece uma razão, resultado ou conclusão. Ela deve permanecer ligada à afirmação ou ação que lhe dá sentido.
Isaías 28:17-24
Versão King James17Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place.
18And your covenant with death shall be disannulled, and your agreement with hell shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it.
19From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, by day and by night: and it shall be a vexation only to understand the report.
20For the bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it: and the covering narrower than that he can wrap himself in it.
21For the LORD shall rise up as in mount Perazim, he shall be wroth as in the valley of Gibeon, that he may do his work, his strange work; and bring to pass his act, his strange act.
22Now therefore be ye not mockers, lest your bands be made strong: for I have heard from the Lord GOD of hosts a consumption, even determined upon the whole earth.
23Give ye ear, and hear my voice; hearken, and hear my speech.
24Doth the plowman plow all day to sow? doth he open and break the clods of his ground?
Isaías 28:25-29
Versículos 25–29: When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the…
Isaías 28:25–29 abre com “When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the…” e chega a “This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in…” no último versículo. Esse percurso desenvolve Isaías 28 se desenvolve por meio de suas próprias vozes, ações, afirmações e consequências.
Contexto que dá vida à passagem
Este bloco contém 1 perguntas. Elas não são simples pontuação: mostram onde uma voz procura, desafia, teme ou tenta compreender.
“When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the…” A pergunta desacelera a passagem. Observe quem precisa responder, o que ela pressupõe e se as linhas seguintes apresentam uma resposta.
Isaías 28:25-29
Versão King James25When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the principal wheat and the appointed barley and the rie in their place?
26For his God doth instruct him to discretion, and doth teach him.
27For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.
28Bread corn is bruised; because he will not ever be threshing it, nor break it with the wheel of his cart, nor bruise it with his horsemen.
29This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working.
Detalhes que merecem atenção
A imagem de abertura
Isaiah 28:1 começa com “Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are…”
Onde o capítulo muda
Isaiah 28:16 forma uma mudança natural: “Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD , Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that…”
A nota final
Isaiah 28:29 deixa o leitor com “This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working.”
Um caminho de palavras pelo capítulo
As palavras line, LORD, precept, strong, hear, judgment ajudam a revelar as preocupações repetidas do capítulo.
Primeiro o texto
Onde os leitores divergem
O resumo começa com o que a passagem diz e como suas partes se relacionam. Ele não presume que uma denominação já resolveu todas as questões. A dependência de uma tradição, teoria literária ou reconstrução histórica é claramente identificada.
O texto KJV aparece primeiro. As conclusões interpretativas são identificadas, e as diferenças surgem quando ajudam a explicar por que comunidades sérias nem sempre chegam à mesma resposta.
As notas interpretativas comparativas deste capítulo estão em preparação. Até que as notas revisadas estejam prontas, esta página separa o texto KJV do resumo e da aplicação sem afirmar que leitores responsáveis concordam em todas as questões.