Exodus 1:15-22
The order, and the midwives
Every Hebrew boy is to be thrown into the Nile. The midwives refuse first, and are dealt with kindly for it, and then the order is given to all the people.
Verse by verse
- 1:15
Shiphrah and Puah are the women named here. This passage does not explicitly identify either of them as Jochebed or Miriam.
- 1:17
Fear of God is the stated reason for preserving the boys. The text openly commends their refusal to carry out the killing.
- 1:19
The statement about rapid births is the midwives' answer to Pharaoh. The verse does not supply independent observations about every Hebrew delivery.
- 1:22
All his people marks an escalation from instructions to the midwives. Drowning in the river is now commanded beyond the place of birth.













The danger facing Jochebed begins before her name or her child appears. Pharaoh orders the women who assist birth to make birth the point of death. The distinction is brutally exact: a daughter may live; a son must be killed. The Book of Exodus gives the two midwives their names, Shiphrah and Puah, while the king remains a title.
Their refusal is explained just as exactly. They feared God. The text does not leave their reason to speculation, and it repeats that reason when describing God's favor toward them. Their answer to Pharaoh turns his assumptions about Hebrew women against his plan: the children are already born before the midwives arrive. The births he meant to control keep escaping him.
The final command widens the danger from the delivery room to the whole population. All his people are now charged with casting sons into the river. That is the world into which Jochebed's child is born. The basket answers a command, not an accident.