El panorama
Isaías 28 abre con “Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a…”, cambia cerca del versículo 15 con “Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at…” y termina con “This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and…”. Estos puntos trazan el movimiento propio del capítulo desde su inicio hasta su conclusión.
Las Escrituras junto al resumen
Isaías · Versión King James · 29Isaías 28:1-8
Versículos 1–8: Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious…
Isaías 28:1–8 abre con “Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading…” y llega a “For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean.” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla Isaías 28 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.
Contexto que da vida al pasaje
“Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the…” Nombrar a Ephraim y Woe mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
“The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:” El mandato no se entiende solo por el verbo. El destinatario, el propósito y su lugar dentro del pacto o argumento definen la responsabilidad.
“In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of his…” El mandato no se entiende solo por el verbo. El destinatario, el propósito y su lugar dentro del pacto o argumento definen la responsabilidad.
“But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have…” Los términos propios de esta línea incluyen drink, strong, erred. Su relación con los versículos 6 y 8 permite comprobar su función dentro del pasaje.
Isaías 28:1-8
Versión King James1Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are overcome with wine!
2Behold, the Lord hath a mighty and strong one, which as a tempest of hail and a destroying storm, as a flood of mighty waters overflowing, shall cast down to the earth with the hand.
3The crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, shall be trodden under feet:
4And the glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, shall be a fading flower, and as the hasty fruit before the summer; which when he that looketh upon it seeth, while it is yet in his hand he eateth it up.
5In that day shall the LORD of hosts be for a crown of glory, and for a diadem of beauty, unto the residue of his people,
6And for a spirit of judgment to him that sitteth in judgment, and for strength to them that turn the battle to the gate.
7But they also have erred through wine, and through strong drink are out of the way; the priest and the prophet have erred through strong drink, they are swallowed up of wine, they are out of the way through strong drink; they err in vision, they stumble in judgment.
8For all tables are full of vomit and filthiness, so that there is no place clean.
Isaías 28:9-16
Versículos 9–16: Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand…
Isaías 28:9–16 abre con “Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are…” y llega a “Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD , Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried…” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla Isaías 28 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.
Contexto que da vida al pasaje
Este bloque contiene 1 preguntas. No son simple puntuación: muestran dónde una voz busca, desafía, teme o intenta comprender.
“Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and…” La pregunta hace que el pasaje avance con más calma. Observa quién debe responder, qué presupone y si las líneas siguientes ofrecen una respuesta.
“For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people.” Esta línea aporta una razón, un resultado o una conclusión. Debe permanecer unida a la afirmación o acción que le da sentido.
“But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line…” Los términos propios de esta línea incluyen line, precept, little. Su relación con los versículos 12 y 14 permite comprobar su función dentro del pasaje.
Isaías 28:9-16
Versión King James9Whom shall he teach knowledge? and whom shall he make to understand doctrine? them that are weaned from the milk, and drawn from the breasts.
10For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little:
11For with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people.
12To whom he said, This is the rest wherewith ye may cause the weary to rest; and this is the refreshing: yet they would not hear.
13But the word of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little; that they might go, and fall backward, and be broken, and snared, and taken.
14Wherefore hear the word of the LORD , ye scornful men, that rule this people which is in Jerusalem.
15Because ye have said, We have made a covenant with death, and with hell are we at agreement; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, it shall not come unto us: for we have made lies our refuge, and under falsehood have we hid ourselves:
16Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD , Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that believeth shall not make haste.
Isaías 28:17-24
Versículos 17–24: Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet…
Isaías 28:17–24 abre con “Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep…” y llega a “Doth the plowman plow all day to sow? doth he open and break the clods of his ground?” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla Isaías 28 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.
Contexto que da vida al pasaje
Este bloque contiene 1 preguntas. No son simple puntuación: muestran dónde una voz busca, desafía, teme o intenta comprender.
“Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of…” El mandato no se entiende solo por el verbo. El destinatario, el propósito y su lugar dentro del pacto o argumento definen la responsabilidad.
“From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, by day and by night…” El mandato no se entiende solo por el verbo. El destinatario, el propósito y su lugar dentro del pacto o argumento definen la responsabilidad.
“For the LORD shall rise up as in mount Perazim, he shall be wroth as in the valley of Gibeon, that he may do his work…” Esta línea aporta una razón, un resultado o una conclusión. Debe permanecer unida a la afirmación o acción que le da sentido.
Isaías 28:17-24
Versión King James17Judgment also will I lay to the line, and righteousness to the plummet: and the hail shall sweep away the refuge of lies, and the waters shall overflow the hiding place.
18And your covenant with death shall be disannulled, and your agreement with hell shall not stand; when the overflowing scourge shall pass through, then ye shall be trodden down by it.
19From the time that it goeth forth it shall take you: for morning by morning shall it pass over, by day and by night: and it shall be a vexation only to understand the report.
20For the bed is shorter than that a man can stretch himself on it: and the covering narrower than that he can wrap himself in it.
21For the LORD shall rise up as in mount Perazim, he shall be wroth as in the valley of Gibeon, that he may do his work, his strange work; and bring to pass his act, his strange act.
22Now therefore be ye not mockers, lest your bands be made strong: for I have heard from the Lord GOD of hosts a consumption, even determined upon the whole earth.
23Give ye ear, and hear my voice; hearken, and hear my speech.
24Doth the plowman plow all day to sow? doth he open and break the clods of his ground?
Isaías 28:25-29
Versículos 25–29: When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the…
Isaías 28:25–29 abre con “When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the…” y llega a “This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in…” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla Isaías 28 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.
Contexto que da vida al pasaje
Este bloque contiene 1 preguntas. No son simple puntuación: muestran dónde una voz busca, desafía, teme o intenta comprender.
“When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the…” La pregunta hace que el pasaje avance con más calma. Observa quién debe responder, qué presupone y si las líneas siguientes ofrecen una respuesta.
Isaías 28:25-29
Versión King James25When he hath made plain the face thereof, doth he not cast abroad the fitches, and scatter the cummin, and cast in the principal wheat and the appointed barley and the rie in their place?
26For his God doth instruct him to discretion, and doth teach him.
27For the fitches are not threshed with a threshing instrument, neither is a cart wheel turned about upon the cummin; but the fitches are beaten out with a staff, and the cummin with a rod.
28Bread corn is bruised; because he will not ever be threshing it, nor break it with the wheel of his cart, nor bruise it with his horsemen.
29This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working.
Detalles que vale la pena notar
La imagen inicial
Isaiah 28:1 comienza con “Woe to the crown of pride, to the drunkards of Ephraim, whose glorious beauty is a fading flower, which are on the head of the fat valleys of them that are…”
Dónde cambia el capítulo
Isaiah 28:16 forma un giro natural: “Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD , Behold, I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner stone, a sure foundation: he that…”
La nota final
Isaiah 28:29 deja al lector con “This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working.”
Un recorrido de palabras por el capítulo
Las palabras line, LORD, precept, strong, hear, judgment ayudan a revelar las preocupaciones que se repiten en el capítulo.
Primero el texto
Donde difieren los lectores
El resumen comienza con lo que dice el pasaje y cómo se relacionan sus partes. No supone que una denominación ya haya resuelto cada pregunta. Toda dependencia de una tradición, teoría literaria o reconstrucción histórica se identifica con claridad.
El texto KJV aparece primero. Las conclusiones interpretativas se identifican, y las diferencias se presentan cuando ayudan a explicar por qué las comunidades serias no siempre llegan a la misma respuesta.
Las notas interpretativas comparativas de este capítulo están en preparación. Hasta que las notas revisadas estén listas, esta página separa el texto KJV del resumen y la aplicación sin afirmar que todos los lectores serios coinciden en cada cuestión.