The big picture
Ezra 10 opens in verse 1 with “Now when Ezra had prayed, and when he had confessed, weeping and casting himself down…”, reaches its middle movement near verse 22 with “And of the sons of Pashur; Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethaneel, Jozabad, and Elasah.”, and closes in verse 44 with “All these had taken strange wives: and some of them had wives by whom they had children.” Repeated or prominent terms include sons, wives, strange, Ezra, taken. Together, those details trace this chapter’s own movement from its opening to its conclusion.
Scripture beside the summary
Ezra · King James Version · 44Ezra 10:1-8
1–8: When Ezra had prayed, and when he had confessed, weeping and casting…
Ezra 10:1–8 opens with “Now when Ezra had prayed, and when he had confessed, weeping and casting himself down before the…” and reaches “And that whosoever would not come within three days, according to the counsel of the princes and…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on The trembling assembly in heavy rain hearing the call to deal with unfaithful marriages, with particular weight carried by Ezra, Israel, carried.
Context that brings the passage to life
“Now when Ezra had prayed, and when he had confessed, weeping and casting himself down before the house of God, there…” Naming Ezra keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
“Now therefore let us make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives, and such as are born of them, according…” The promise, blessing, or covenant language needs its named recipient and scope. Those details prevent a personal word in the story from becoming a promise detached from context.
“Then arose Ezra, and made the chief priests, the Levites, and all Israel, to swear that they should do according to…” The promise, blessing, or covenant language needs its named recipient and scope. Those details prevent a personal word in the story from becoming a promise detached from context.
“And they made proclamation throughout Judah and Jerusalem unto all the children of the captivity, that they should…” Naming Jerusalem and Judah keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
Ezra 10:1-8
King James Version1Now when Ezra had prayed, and when he had confessed, weeping and casting himself down before the house of God, there assembled unto him out of Israel a very great congregation of men and women and children: for the people wept very sore.
2And Shechaniah the son of Jehiel, one of the sons of Elam, answered and said unto Ezra, We have trespassed against our God, and have taken strange wives of the people of the land: yet now there is hope in Israel concerning this thing.
3Now therefore let us make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives, and such as are born of them, according to the counsel of my lord, and of those that tremble at the commandment of our God; and let it be done according to the law.
4Arise; for this matter belongeth unto thee: we also will be with thee: be of good courage, and do it.
5Then arose Ezra, and made the chief priests, the Levites, and all Israel, to swear that they should do according to this word. And they sware.
6Then Ezra rose up from before the house of God, and went into the chamber of Johanan the son of Eliashib: and when he came thither, he did eat no bread, nor drink water: for he mourned because of the transgression of them that had been carried away.
7And they made proclamation throughout Judah and Jerusalem unto all the children of the captivity, that they should gather themselves together unto Jerusalem;
8And that whosoever would not come within three days, according to the counsel of the princes and the elders, all his substance should be forfeited, and himself separated from the congregation of those that had been carried away.
Ezra 10:9-16
9–16: All the men of Judah and Benjamin gathered themselves together unto…
Ezra 10:9–16 opens with “Then all the men of Judah and Benjamin gathered themselves together unto Jerusalem within three…” and reaches “And the children of the captivity did so. And Ezra the priest, with certain chief of the…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on The trembling assembly in heavy rain hearing the call to deal with unfaithful marriages, with particular weight carried by matter, fathers, month.
Context that brings the passage to life
“Then all the men of Judah and Benjamin gathered themselves together unto Jerusalem within three days. It was the ninth…” The number three makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.
“Now therefore make confession unto the LORD God of your fathers, and do his pleasure: and separate yourselves from the…” The verse names God rather than leaving the action without a source. Watch whether the next line continues, answers, or contrasts that action.
“But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without, neither is this a work…” The number one makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.
“Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahaziah the son of Tikvah were employed about this matter: and Meshullam and…” Naming Asahel and Jahaziah keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
Ezra 10:9-16
King James Version9Then all the men of Judah and Benjamin gathered themselves together unto Jerusalem within three days. It was the ninth month, on the twentieth day of the month; and all the people sat in the street of the house of God, trembling because of this matter, and for the great rain.
10And Ezra the priest stood up, and said unto them, Ye have transgressed, and have taken strange wives, to increase the trespass of Israel.
11Now therefore make confession unto the LORD God of your fathers, and do his pleasure: and separate yourselves from the people of the land, and from the strange wives.
12Then all the congregation answered and said with a loud voice, As thou hast said, so must we do.
13But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without, neither is this a work of one day or two: for we are many that have transgressed in this thing.
14Let now our rulers of all the congregation stand, and let all them which have taken strange wives in our cities come at appointed times, and with them the elders of every city, and the judges thereof, until the fierce wrath of our God for this matter be turned from us.
15Only Jonathan the son of Asahel and Jahaziah the son of Tikvah were employed about this matter: and Meshullam and Shabbethai the Levite helped them.
16And the children of the captivity did so. And Ezra the priest, with certain chief of the fathers, after the house of their fathers, and all of them by their names, were separated, and sat down in the first day of the tenth month to examine the matter.
Ezra 10:17-24
17–24: They made an end with all the men that had taken strange wives by the…
Ezra 10:17–24 opens with “And they made an end with all the men that had taken strange wives by the first day of the first…” and reaches “Of the singers also; Eliashib: and of the porters; Shallum, and Telem, and Uri.” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on The trembling assembly in heavy rain hearing the call to deal with unfaithful marriages, with particular weight carried by sons, Maaseiah, wives.
Context that brings the passage to life
“And they made an end with all the men that had taken strange wives by the first day of the first month.” The line’s distinctive content terms include first, month, strange. Its relationship to verses 18 shows what work it does in this passage.
“And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for…” The line’s distinctive content terms include flock, gave, guilty. Its relationship to verses 18 and 20 shows what work it does in this passage.
Ezra 10:17-24
King James Version17And they made an end with all the men that had taken strange wives by the first day of the first month.
18And among the sons of the priests there were found that had taken strange wives: namely, of the sons of Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and his brethren; Maaseiah, and Eliezer, and Jarib, and Gedaliah.
19And they gave their hands that they would put away their wives; and being guilty, they offered a ram of the flock for their trespass.
20And of the sons of Immer; Hanani, and Zebadiah.
21And of the sons of Harim; Maaseiah, and Elijah, and Shemaiah, and Jehiel, and Uzziah.
22And of the sons of Pashur; Elioenai, Maaseiah, Ishmael, Nethaneel, Jozabad, and Elasah.
23Also of the Levites; Jozabad, and Shimei, and Kelaiah, (the same is Kelita,) Pethahiah, Judah, and Eliezer.
24Of the singers also; Eliashib: and of the porters; Shallum, and Telem, and Uri.
Ezra 10:25-32
25–32: Moreover of Israel: of the sons of Parosh; Ramiah, and Jeziah, and…
Ezra 10:25–32 opens with “Moreover of Israel: of the sons of Parosh; Ramiah, and Jeziah, and Malchiah, and Miamin, and…” and reaches “Benjamin, Malluch, and Shemariah.” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on The trembling assembly in heavy rain hearing the call to deal with unfaithful marriages, with particular weight carried by sons, Mattaniah, Benaiah.
Context that brings the passage to life
“Moreover of Israel: of the sons of Parosh; Ramiah, and Jeziah, and Malchiah, and Miamin, and Eleazar, and Malchijah…” Naming Benaiah and Eleazar keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
Ezra 10:25-32
King James Version25Moreover of Israel: of the sons of Parosh; Ramiah, and Jeziah, and Malchiah, and Miamin, and Eleazar, and Malchijah, and Benaiah.
26And of the sons of Elam; Mattaniah, Zechariah, and Jehiel, and Abdi, and Jeremoth, and Eliah.
27And of the sons of Zattu; Elioenai, Eliashib, Mattaniah, and Jeremoth, and Zabad, and Aziza.
28Of the sons also of Bebai; Jehohanan, Hananiah, Zabbai, and Athlai.
29And of the sons of Bani; Meshullam, Malluch, and Adaiah, Jashub, and Sheal, and Ramoth.
30And of the sons of Pahath-moab; Adna, and Chelal, Benaiah, Maaseiah, Mattaniah, Bezaleel, and Binnui, and Manasseh.
31And of the sons of Harim; Eliezer, Ishijah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,
32Benjamin, Malluch, and Shemariah.
Ezra 10:33-40
33–40: Of the sons of Hashum; Mattenai, Mattathah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai…
Ezra 10:33–40 opens with “Of the sons of Hashum; Mattenai, Mattathah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, and Shimei.” and reaches “Machnadebai, Shashai, Sharai,” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on The trembling assembly in heavy rain hearing the call to deal with unfaithful marriages, with particular weight carried by Bani, Mattenai, Shimei.
Ezra 10:33-40
King James Version33Of the sons of Hashum; Mattenai, Mattathah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jeremai, Manasseh, and Shimei.
34Of the sons of Bani; Maadai, Amram, and Uel,
35Benaiah, Bedeiah, Chelluh,
36Vaniah, Meremoth, Eliashib,
37Mattaniah, Mattenai, and Jaasau,
38And Bani, and Binnui, Shimei,
39And Shelemiah, and Nathan, and Adaiah,
40Machnadebai, Shashai, Sharai,
Ezra 10:41-44
41–44: Azareel, and Shelemiah, Shemariah,
Ezra 10:41–44 opens with “Azareel, and Shelemiah, Shemariah,” and reaches “All these had taken strange wives: and some of them had wives by whom they had children.” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on The trembling assembly in heavy rain hearing the call to deal with unfaithful marriages, with particular weight carried by wives, Amariah, Azareel.
Ezra 10:41-44
King James Version41Azareel, and Shelemiah, Shemariah,
42Shallum, Amariah, and Joseph.
43Of the sons of Nebo; Jeiel, Mattithiah, Zabad, Zebina, Jadau, and Joel, Benaiah.
44All these had taken strange wives: and some of them had wives by whom they had children.
Details worth noticing
The opening image
Ezra 10:1 begins with “Now when Ezra had prayed, and when he had confessed, weeping and casting himself down before the house of God, there assembled unto him out of Israel a…”
Where the chapter turns
Ezra 10:14 forms a natural hinge: “Let now our rulers of all the congregation stand, and let all them which have taken strange wives in our cities come at appointed times, and with them the…”
The final note
Ezra 10:44 leaves the reader with “All these had taken strange wives: and some of them had wives by whom they had children.”
A word trail through the chapter
The words sons, wives, strange, Ezra, taken, Israel help reveal the chapter’s repeated concerns.
Why list the nations before introducing Abram?
The blessing promised through Abram will concern the families of the earth, not an isolated group.
What organizes the table?
Families, lands, nations and languages recur, linking people with place and relationship.
KJV words made clear
- unto
- to
- thee
- you
- thou
- you
Text first
Where readers differ
The chapter summary begins with what the passage says and how its parts fit together. It does not assume one denomination has already settled every question. Where a conclusion depends on a tradition, literary theory, or historical reconstruction, that dependence is named openly.
The KJV text is presented first. Interpretive conclusions are labeled, and differences are introduced only when they help a reader understand why serious communities do not always reach the same answer.
Comparative interpretive notes for this chapter are in preparation. Until reviewed notes are ready, this page separates the KJV text from summary and application without claiming that serious readers agree on every question.
