The big picture
Arguments over the sabbath, the weekly holy rest day, surround Jesus, the teacher and healer. He answers through hunger and a restored hand, then spends a night in prayer before choosing twelve messengers. A large crowd comes for healing and teaching. Jesus speaks of blessings and warnings that reverse ordinary measures of success. He calls for love toward enemies, mercy without harsh judgement, and conduct that matches his words. The chapter ends with houses whose foundations are tested when water rises.
In this chapter
- Human Need Challenges Sabbath Accusations Luke 6:1-11
The followers pick and rub grain to eat on the sabbath.
- Prayer Precedes the Choice of Twelve Luke 6:12-19
Jesus spends the night on a mountain praying to God.
- Blessing and Warning Reverse Present Fortunes Luke 6:20-26
Looking toward his followers, Jesus blesses the poor, hungry, grieving, and those hated because of him.
- Love Is Not Limited to Friends Luke 6:27-36
Jesus tells those listening to love enemies, do good to people who hate them, and pray for those who mistreat them.
- Correction Begins with Clearer Sight Luke 6:37-42
Jesus warns against condemning others and calls for forgiveness and generous giving.
- Words and Foundations Reveal the Heart Luke 6:43-49
Jesus says a tree is known by the fruit it produces.
Central truth
Jesus teaches a life shaped by God's mercy, where love reaches enemies and hearing becomes action that can withstand testing.

Scripture beside the summary
Luke · King James Version · 49Luke 6:1-11
Human Need Challenges Sabbath Accusations
The followers pick and rub grain to eat on the sabbath. Pharisees, strict teachers of religious law, accuse them of unlawful work. Jesus recalls David, the earlier king, receiving sacred bread for hungry companions even though priests normally ate it. He claims to be lord of the sabbath as the Son of man, his own title. On another sabbath, he sees a man with a disabled right hand in a synagogue, a place of worship. Opponents watch for a charge. Jesus asks whether good or evil, saving or destroying life, belongs on this day. He restores the hand. His opponents respond with rage and discussion of action against him.
In everyday life
The railway catering attendant gives reserved emergency food to a passenger who is faint with hunger. A colleague objects that the cupboard was meant to stay sealed until a manager arrives. The attendant points to the need the supplies were meant to meet. Jesus interprets God's sabbath and heals by command, not by using discretion over railway stores.
Notice
Luke 6:9 Jesus places doing good against doing evil, not against staying neutral. Refusing help becomes a moral choice when the person needing it stands before them.
Luke 6:1-11
King James Version1And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands.
2And certain of the Pharisees said unto them, Why do ye that which is not lawful to do on the sabbath days?
3And Jesus answering them said, Have ye not read so much as this, what David did, when himself was an hungred, and they which were with him;
4How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the shewbread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat but for the priests alone?
5And he said unto them, That the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.
6And it came to pass also on another sabbath, that he entered into the synagogue and taught: and there was a man whose right hand was withered.
7And the scribes and Pharisees watched him, whether he would heal on the sabbath day; that they might find an accusation against him.
8But he knew their thoughts, and said to the man which had the withered hand, Rise up, and stand forth in the midst. And he arose and stood forth.
9Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one thing; Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life, or to destroy it?
10And looking round about upon them all, he said unto the man, Stretch forth thy hand. And he did so: and his hand was restored whole as the other.
11And they were filled with madness; and communed one with another what they might do to Jesus.
Luke 6:12-19
Prayer Precedes the Choice of Twelve
Jesus spends the night on a mountain praying to God. At daybreak he calls his followers and chooses twelve, naming them apostles, people sent to speak and act for him. Luke lists them individually, including Judas Iscariot, who will betray him. Jesus then descends with them to a level place. Many followers and a great crowd arrive from Judæa, the southern region, Jerusalem, its temple city, and the coast. They seek teaching and healing. People troubled by unclean spirits are freed, and the crowd tries to touch him because healing power goes out from him. The chosen group stands within this wider gathering of need.

In everyday life
The expedition coordinator studies the needs overnight before choosing a small team at dawn. She names each member and then brings them to meet the larger group they will serve. Selection is preparation for work, not a prize that separates them from others. Jesus chooses apostles after prayer and heals by divine power, unlike a human coordinator.
Notice
Luke 6:12 The whole night of prayer comes before the public naming of the twelve. Luke presents the choice within Jesus' sustained attention to God.
Luke 6:12-19
King James Version12And it came to pass in those days, that he went out into a mountain to pray, and continued all night in prayer to God.
13And when it was day, he called unto him his disciples: and of them he chose twelve, whom also he named apostles;
14Simon, (whom he also named Peter,) and Andrew his brother, James and John, Philip and Bartholomew,
15Matthew and Thomas, James the son of Alphæus, and Simon called Zelotes,
16And Judas the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor.
17And he came down with them, and stood in the plain, and the company of his disciples, and a great multitude of people out of all Judæa and Jerusalem, and from the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon, which came to hear him, and to be healed of their diseases;
18And they that were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed.
19And the whole multitude sought to touch him: for there went virtue out of him, and healed them all.
Luke 6:20-26
Blessing and Warning Reverse Present Fortunes
Looking toward his followers, Jesus blesses the poor, hungry, grieving, and those hated because of him. God's kingdom belongs to them; hunger and tears will not have the last word. Rejection for his sake places them alongside God's earlier prophets. He then warns the rich, the full, the laughing, and those everyone praises. Present comfort can become all the reward they receive, and public approval also greeted false prophets. These sayings address real conditions rather than praising pain for its own sake. They challenge the assumption that comfort proves God's favour or that rejection proves a person's life has failed.

In everyday life
A night-shelter guest reads a notice confirming a permanent home while an affluent neighbour faces the loss of a temporary windfall. What each has tonight does not tell the full shape of their future. Present appearances can mislead. Jesus promises God's kingdom and warns of judgement, not a reversal within housing and income alone.
Notice
Luke 6:26 Universal praise is placed beside the false prophets' reception. Approval from everyone does not by itself prove that a message is faithful to God.
Luke 6:20-26
King James Version20And he lifted up his eyes on his disciples, and said, Blessed be ye poor: for yours is the kingdom of God.
21Blessed are ye that hunger now: for ye shall be filled. Blessed are ye that weep now: for ye shall laugh.
22Blessed are ye, when men shall hate you, and when they shall separate you from their company, and shall reproach you, and cast out your name as evil, for the Son of man’s sake.
23Rejoice ye in that day, and leap for joy: for, behold, your reward is great in heaven: for in the like manner did their fathers unto the prophets.
24But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.
25Woe unto you that are full! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
26Woe unto you, when all men shall speak well of you! for so did their fathers to the false prophets.
Luke 6:27-36
Love Is Not Limited to Friends
Jesus tells those listening to love enemies, do good to people who hate them, and pray for those who mistreat them. He uses striking examples of not returning a blow, giving beyond what is taken, and lending without demanding gain. Treating others as one wishes to be treated cannot stop with people who return the favour. Even sinners love their own friends and lend for repayment. Jesus calls for mercy patterned on God, who is kind to the ungrateful and evil. Christians differ on how the non-retaliation examples apply in particular situations. The demand to reject revenge and seek another's good remains direct.

In everyday life
A neighbour clears ice from the steps of the man who has repeatedly insulted her. She does not deny the insults or ask for thanks before spreading the grit. She prevents a fall without turning the act into a bargain. Jesus grounds enemy-love in the Father's mercy, not merely a neighbour's decision to end a feud.
Notice
Luke 6:35 God's kindness reaches the ungrateful as well as the grateful. Jesus uses that fact to challenge a form of giving that only expects equal return.
Luke 6:27-36
King James Version27But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do good to them which hate you,
28Bless them that curse you, and pray for them which despitefully use you.
29And unto him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and him that taketh away thy cloke forbid not to take thy coat also.
30Give to every man that asketh of thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again.
31And as ye would that men should do to you, do ye also to them likewise.
32For if ye love them which love you, what thank have ye? for sinners also love those that love them.
33And if ye do good to them which do good to you, what thank have ye? for sinners also do even the same.
34And if ye lend to them of whom ye hope to receive, what thank have ye? for sinners also lend to sinners, to receive as much again.
35But love ye your enemies, and do good, and lend, hoping for nothing again; and your reward shall be great, and ye shall be the children of the Highest: for he is kind unto the unthankful and to the evil.
36Be ye therefore merciful, as your Father also is merciful.
Luke 6:37-42
Correction Begins with Clearer Sight
Jesus warns against condemning others and calls for forgiveness and generous giving. He pictures a measure of grain packed and overflowing into a garment fold. The measure used for others will return to the giver. He then asks how a blind guide can lead another safely and says a trained learner becomes like the teacher. Finally he pictures someone with a timber in one eye trying to remove a speck from another's. The first task is to deal with one's own obstruction. Jesus does not end all help or correction. He exposes the hypocrisy of correcting small faults while ignoring much larger ones at home.
In everyday life
A violin examiner begins marking a student's pitch errors, then hears that her own reference instrument is out of tune. She stops, checks it, and corrects the reference before continuing the assessment. Her role does not excuse the fault affecting her judgement. Jesus addresses moral hypocrisy and mercy, not only the accuracy of musical instruction.
Notice
Luke 6:42 Removing the beam comes before helping with the speck. The goal includes clearer help for another person after the larger personal fault has been faced.
Luke 6:37-42
King James Version37Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be forgiven:
38Give, and it shall be given unto you; good measure, pressed down, and shaken together, and running over, shall men give into your bosom. For with the same measure that ye mete withal it shall be measured to you again.
39And he spake a parable unto them, Can the blind lead the blind? shall they not both fall into the ditch?
40The disciple is not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master.
41And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother’s eye, but perceivest not the beam that is in thine own eye?
42Either how canst thou say to thy brother, Brother, let me pull out the mote that is in thine eye, when thou thyself beholdest not the beam that is in thine own eye? Thou hypocrite, cast out first the beam out of thine own eye, and then shalt thou see clearly to pull out the mote that is in thy brother’s eye.
Luke 6:43-49
Words and Foundations Reveal the Heart
Jesus says a tree is known by the fruit it produces. Good and evil speech likewise come from what fills the heart. Calling him Lord does not replace doing what he says. He compares the obedient hearer to a builder who digs deep and rests a house on rock. When a flood strikes, the house holds. The hearer who does nothing builds without a foundation, and the flood brings sudden ruin. Both people hear the words, and both houses face the stream. The difference lies in action taken before the test. Spoken loyalty without obedience leaves the structure unsupported.
In everyday life
A shed builder digs past loose soil before setting the posts, while another fixes a similar shed directly to the surface. From the path the buildings look much alike until heavy rain shifts the ground. Hidden preparation decides which stays upright. Jesus compares the foundation to obeying his teaching, not only following sound building practice.
Notice
Luke 6:49 The failed builder has heard Jesus' words too. The contrast is not between access and ignorance, but between hearing acted on and hearing left unused.
Luke 6:43-49
King James Version43For a good tree bringeth not forth corrupt fruit; neither doth a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit.
44For every tree is known by his own fruit. For of thorns men do not gather figs, nor of a bramble bush gather they grapes.
45A good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is evil: for of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaketh.
46And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things which I say?
47Whosoever cometh to me, and heareth my sayings, and doeth them, I will shew you to whom he is like:
48He is like a man which built an house, and digged deep, and laid the foundation on a rock: and when the flood arose, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and could not shake it: for it was founded upon a rock.
49But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that without a foundation built an house upon the earth; against which the stream did beat vehemently, and immediately it fell; and the ruin of that house was great.
Details worth noticing
The opening image
Luke 6:1 begins with “And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat…”
Where the chapter turns
Luke 6:24 forms a natural hinge: “But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.”
The final note
Luke 6:49 leaves the reader with “But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that without a foundation built an house upon the earth; against which the stream did beat vehemently…”
A word trail through the chapter
The words good, evil, love, sabbath, house, Blessed help reveal the chapter’s repeated concerns.
KJV words made clear
- mote
- A tiny speck, pictured as lodged in an eye.
- beam
- A large piece of timber used in building.
- bosom
- Here, the fold of a garment used to hold a gift of grain.
Music and video connected to the passage
Related media appears when its Scripture reference overlaps this study. Music and video can illuminate a theme while the biblical text remains the foundation.



