1 Samuel: Capítulo 30 | Guías para Maestros | Canciones Cinematográficas de la Biblia

El panorama

1 Samuel 30 abre con “And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that…”, cambia cerca del versículo 16 con “And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth…” y termina con “And to them which were in Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men…”. Estos puntos trazan el movimiento propio del capítulo desde su inicio hasta su conclusión.

Las Escrituras junto al resumen

1 Samuel · Versión King James · 31

1 Samuel 30:1-8

Versículos 1–8: It came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third…

1 Samuel 30:1–8 abre con “And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the…” y llega a “And David enquired at the LORD , saying, Shall I pursue after this troop? shall I overtake them…” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla 1 Samuel 30 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.

Estudio profundo

1 Samuel 30:1–8 forma una unidad literaria. Abre con “And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the…”, gira cerca del versículo 4 con “Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had…” y llega a “And David enquired at the LORD , saying, Shall I pursue after this troop? shall I overtake…”. El narrador crea significado mediante quien inicia cada acción, quien responde, lo que cambia y las consecuencias que permanecen. Una acción narrada no es automáticamente una acción aprobada. Como control textual, el pasaje fuente KJV contiene 3 marcadores de discurso, 1 preguntas, 2 contrastes y 2 versículos que nombran al LORD o a Dios. Esos rasgos también pueden compararse con una traducción bíblica fiable en español.

Cada observación se relaciona con el enfoque de la lección, 1 Samuel 30 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias. Algunas afirmaciones son directas, otras reúnen varios versículos y otras deben permanecer identificadas como interpretación.

Los nombres o términos que sostienen la escena son David, Ziklag, Abiathar, Abigail, Ahimelech, Ahinoam. El lenguaje numérico incluye two. El giro más cercano al centro aparece en el versículo 4: “Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep.” Ese detalle ayuda a distinguir el punto de partida de lo que ocurre después.

Recorrido versículo por versículo

1 Samuel 30:1
“And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had invaded the…” Esta señal narrativa conocida hace avanzar el tiempo. Lo que sigue es una nueva escena, consecuencia o respuesta a una tensión anterior.
1 Samuel 30:2
“And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away…” Los términos propios de esta línea incluyen captives, carried, slew. Su relación con los versículos 1 y 3 permite comprobar su función dentro del pasaje.
1 Samuel 30:3
“So David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and…” Esta línea aporta una razón, un resultado o una conclusión. Debe permanecer unida a la afirmación o acción que le da sentido.
1 Samuel 30:4
“Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep.” Nombrar a David mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:5
“And David’s two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite.” El número two hace concreto el relato. Antes de decidir su peso, observa si mide tiempo, personas, distancia, repetición o totalidad.
1 Samuel 30:6
“And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved…” Nombrar a David mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:7
“And David said to Abiathar the priest, Ahimelech’s son, I pray thee, bring me hither the ephod. And Abiathar brought…” Nombrar a Abiathar y David mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:8
“And David enquired at the LORD , saying, Shall I pursue after this troop? shall I overtake them? And he answered him…” La pregunta hace que el pasaje avance con más calma. Observa quién debe responder, qué presupone y si las líneas siguientes ofrecen una respuesta.

1 Samuel 30:1-8

Versión King James

1And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten Ziklag, and burned it with fire;

2And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away, and went on their way.

3So David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.

4Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep.

5And David’s two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite.

6And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God.

7And David said to Abiathar the priest, Ahimelech’s son, I pray thee, bring me hither the ephod. And Abiathar brought thither the ephod to David.

8And David enquired at the LORD , saying, Shall I pursue after this troop? shall I overtake them? And he answered him, Pursue: for thou shalt surely overtake them, and without fail recover all.

1 Samuel 30:9-16

Versículos 9–16: So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and came…

1 Samuel 30:9–16 abre con “So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and came to the brook Besor, where…” y llega a “And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and…” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla 1 Samuel 30 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.

Estudio profundo

1 Samuel 30:9–16 forma una unidad literaria. Abre con “So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and came to the brook Besor…”, gira cerca del versículo 12 con “And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had…” y llega a “And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating…”. El narrador crea significado mediante quien inicia cada acción, quien responde, lo que cambia y las consecuencias que permanecen. Una acción narrada no es automáticamente una acción aprobada. Como control textual, el pasaje fuente KJV contiene 2 marcadores de discurso, 2 preguntas, 1 contrastes y 1 versículos que nombran al LORD o a Dios. Esos rasgos también pueden compararse con una traducción bíblica fiable en español.

Los nombres o términos que sostienen la escena son David, Besor, Judah, Amalekite, Caleb, Canst. El lenguaje numérico incluye six, hundred, four, two, three. El giro más cercano al centro aparece en el versículo 13: “And David said unto him, To whom belongest thou? and whence art thou? And he said, I am a young man of Egypt, servant to an…” Ese detalle ayuda a distinguir el punto de partida de lo que ocurre después.

Recorrido versículo por versículo

1 Samuel 30:9
“So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and came to the brook Besor, where those that were left…” Esta línea aporta una razón, un resultado o una conclusión. Debe permanecer unida a la afirmación o acción que le da sentido.
1 Samuel 30:10
“But David pursued, he and four hundred men: for two hundred abode behind, which were so faint that they could not go…” El número four hace concreto el relato. Antes de decidir su peso, observa si mide tiempo, personas, distancia, repetición o totalidad.
1 Samuel 30:11
“And they found an Egyptian in the field, and brought him to David, and gave him bread, and he did eat; and they made…” Nombrar a David y Egyptian mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:12
“And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again…” El número two hace concreto el relato. Antes de decidir su peso, observa si mide tiempo, personas, distancia, repetición o totalidad.
1 Samuel 30:13
“And David said unto him, To whom belongest thou? and whence art thou? And he said, I am a young man of Egypt, servant…” La pregunta hace que el pasaje avance con más calma. Observa quién debe responder, qué presupone y si las líneas siguientes ofrecen una respuesta.
1 Samuel 30:14
“We made an invasion upon the south of the Cherethites, and upon the coast which belongeth to Judah, and upon the south…” Nombrar a Caleb y Cherethites mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:15
“And David said to him, Canst thou bring me down to this company? And he said, Swear unto me by God, that thou wilt…” La pregunta hace que el pasaje avance con más calma. Observa quién debe responder, qué presupone y si las líneas siguientes ofrecen una respuesta.
1 Samuel 30:16
“And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and…” Nombrar a Judah y Philistines mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.

1 Samuel 30:9-16

Versión King James

9So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and came to the brook Besor, where those that were left behind stayed.

10But David pursued, he and four hundred men: for two hundred abode behind, which were so faint that they could not go over the brook Besor.

11And they found an Egyptian in the field, and brought him to David, and gave him bread, and he did eat; and they made him drink water;

12And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him: for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights.

13And David said unto him, To whom belongest thou? and whence art thou? And he said, I am a young man of Egypt, servant to an Amalekite; and my master left me, because three days agone I fell sick.

14We made an invasion upon the south of the Cherethites, and upon the coast which belongeth to Judah, and upon the south of Caleb; and we burned Ziklag with fire.

15And David said to him, Canst thou bring me down to this company? And he said, Swear unto me by God, that thou wilt neither kill me, nor deliver me into the hands of my master, and I will bring thee down to this company.

16And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah.

1 Samuel 30:17-24

Versículos 17–24: David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next…

1 Samuel 30:17–24 abre con “And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there escaped…” y llega a “For who will hearken unto you in this matter? but as his part is that goeth down to the battle…” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla 1 Samuel 30 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.

Estudio profundo

1 Samuel 30:17–24 forma una unidad literaria. Abre con “And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there…”, gira cerca del versículo 20 con “And David took all the flocks and the herds, which they drave before those other cattle, and…” y llega a “For who will hearken unto you in this matter? but as his part is that goeth down to the…”. El narrador crea significado mediante quien inicia cada acción, quien responde, lo que cambia y las consecuencias que permanecen. Una acción narrada no es automáticamente una acción aprobada. Como control textual, el pasaje fuente KJV contiene 3 marcadores de discurso, 1 preguntas, 1 contrastes y 1 versículos que nombran al LORD o a Dios. Esos rasgos también pueden compararse con una traducción bíblica fiable en español.

Los nombres o términos que sostienen la escena son David, Amalekites, Because, Belial, Besor. El lenguaje numérico incluye four, hundred, two. El giro más cercano al centro aparece en el versículo 22: “Then answered all the wicked men and men of Belial, of those that went with David, and said, Because they went not with us, we…” Ese detalle ayuda a distinguir el punto de partida de lo que ocurre después.

Recorrido versículo por versículo

1 Samuel 30:17
“And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there escaped not a man of them…” El número four hace concreto el relato. Antes de decidir su peso, observa si mide tiempo, personas, distancia, repetición o totalidad.
1 Samuel 30:18
“And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away: and David rescued his two wives.” El número two hace concreto el relato. Antes de decidir su peso, observa si mide tiempo, personas, distancia, repetición o totalidad.
1 Samuel 30:19
“And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any…” Nombrar a David mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:20
“And David took all the flocks and the herds, which they drave before those other cattle, and said, This is David’s…” Nombrar a David mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:21
“And David came to the two hundred men, which were so faint that they could not follow David, whom they had made also…” El número two hace concreto el relato. Antes de decidir su peso, observa si mide tiempo, personas, distancia, repetición o totalidad.
1 Samuel 30:22
“Then answered all the wicked men and men of Belial, of those that went with David, and said, Because they went not…” Nombrar a Because y Belial mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:23
“Then said David, Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given us, who hath preserved us, and…” El mandato no se entiende solo por el verbo. El destinatario, el propósito y su lugar dentro del pacto o argumento definen la responsabilidad.
1 Samuel 30:24
“For who will hearken unto you in this matter? but as his part is that goeth down to the battle, so shall his part be…” La pregunta hace que el pasaje avance con más calma. Observa quién debe responder, qué presupone y si las líneas siguientes ofrecen una respuesta.

1 Samuel 30:17-24

Versión King James

17And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there escaped not a man of them, save four hundred young men, which rode upon camels, and fled.

18And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away: and David rescued his two wives.

19And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them: David recovered all.

20And David took all the flocks and the herds, which they drave before those other cattle, and said, This is David’s spoil.

21And David came to the two hundred men, which were so faint that they could not follow David, whom they had made also to abide at the brook Besor: and they went forth to meet David, and to meet the people that were with him: and when David came near to the people, he saluted them.

22Then answered all the wicked men and men of Belial, of those that went with David, and said, Because they went not with us, we will not give them ought of the spoil that we have recovered, save to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away, and depart.

23Then said David, Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given us, who hath preserved us, and delivered the company that came against us into our hand.

24For who will hearken unto you in this matter? but as his part is that goeth down to the battle, so shall his part be that tarrieth by the stuff: they shall part alike.

1 Samuel 30:25-31

Versículos 25–31: It was so from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an…

1 Samuel 30:25–31 abre con “And it was so from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an ordinance for Israel unto…” y llega a “And to them which were in Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men were…” en su último versículo. Ese recorrido desarrolla 1 Samuel 30 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.

Estudio profundo

1 Samuel 30:25–31 forma una unidad literaria. Abre con “And it was so from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an ordinance for Israel…”, gira cerca del versículo 28 con “And to them which were in Aroer, and to them which were in Siphmoth, and to them which were…” y llega a “And to them which were in Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men were…”. El narrador crea significado mediante quien inicia cada acción, quien responde, lo que cambia y las consecuencias que permanecen. Una acción narrada no es automáticamente una acción aprobada. Como control textual, el pasaje fuente KJV contiene 0 marcadores de discurso, 0 preguntas, 0 contrastes y 1 versículos que nombran al LORD o a Dios. Esos rasgos también pueden compararse con una traducción bíblica fiable en español.

Los nombres o términos que sostienen la escena son David, Aroer, Athach, Beth, Chor, Eshtemoa. El giro más cercano al centro aparece en el versículo 28: “And to them which were in Aroer, and to them which were in Siphmoth, and to them which were in Eshtemoa,” Ese detalle ayuda a distinguir el punto de partida de lo que ocurre después.

Recorrido versículo por versículo

1 Samuel 30:25
“And it was so from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an ordinance for Israel unto this day.” Nombrar a Israel mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:26
“And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil unto the elders of Judah, even to his friends, saying, Behold a…” Nombrar a David y Judah mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:27
“To them which were in Beth-el, and to them which were in south Ramoth, and to them which were in Jattir,” Nombrar a Beth y Jattir mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:28
“And to them which were in Aroer, and to them which were in Siphmoth, and to them which were in Eshtemoa,” Nombrar a Aroer y Eshtemoa mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:29
“And to them which were in Rachal, and to them which were in the cities of the Jerahmeelites, and to them which were in…” Nombrar a Jerahmeelites y Kenites mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:30
“And to them which were in Hormah, and to them which were in Chor-ashan, and to them which were in Athach,” Nombrar a Athach y Chor mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.
1 Samuel 30:31
“And to them which were in Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men were wont to haunt.” Nombrar a David y Hebron mantiene el relato unido a personas o lugares concretos. Sigue dónde reaparece el nombre y qué cambia a su alrededor.

1 Samuel 30:25-31

Versión King James

25And it was so from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an ordinance for Israel unto this day.

26And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil unto the elders of Judah, even to his friends, saying, Behold a present for you of the spoil of the enemies of the LORD ;

27To them which were in Beth-el, and to them which were in south Ramoth, and to them which were in Jattir,

28And to them which were in Aroer, and to them which were in Siphmoth, and to them which were in Eshtemoa,

29And to them which were in Rachal, and to them which were in the cities of the Jerahmeelites, and to them which were in the cities of the Kenites,

30And to them which were in Hormah, and to them which were in Chor-ashan, and to them which were in Athach,

31And to them which were in Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men were wont to haunt.

Recursos reunidos para este capítulo

El mapa narrativo y la reflexión profunda están disponibles como recursos distintos junto a este plan docente. Cada uno abre en su propia página.

Recurso narrativo del Nivel 1Creado para adolescentes curiosos y lectores nuevos. El movimiento de la historia, las imágenes, las palabras difíciles de la KJV y los detalles sorprendentes mantienen vivo cada capítulo.Recurso profundo del Nivel 2Arraigado en el texto KJV, con profundidad filosófica y teológica que identifica perspectivas católicas, protestantes, ortodoxas orientales, judías y judías mesiánicas cuando difieren de manera importante.

Guía docente específica del capítulo

Estos puntos nacen del capítulo mismo. Ayudan a unir el mapa narrativo del Nivel 1, el análisis del Nivel 2 y el texto bíblico en una sola lección.

Comienza con la primera imagen del capítulo

1 Samuel 30:1: “And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten…”

Detente en el punto de cambio

1 Samuel 30:15: “And David said to him, Canst thou bring me down to this company? And he said, Swear unto me by God, that thou wilt neither kill me, nor deliver me into the…”

Mantén visible este recorrido de palabras

David, spoil, people, taken, Ziklag, LORD

Observación y orientación docente

Sigue quién actúa, quién habla, quién resulta afectado y qué cambia.
Observa promesas, fracasos, rescates y consecuencias repetidas.
No supongas que el narrador aprueba cada acción que relata.

Primero el texto

Donde difieren los lectores

El resumen comienza con lo que dice el pasaje y cómo se relacionan sus partes. No supone que una denominación ya haya resuelto cada pregunta. Toda dependencia de una tradición, teoría literaria o reconstrucción histórica se identifica con claridad.

El texto KJV aparece primero. Las conclusiones interpretativas se identifican, y las diferencias se presentan cuando ayudan a explicar por qué las comunidades serias no siempre llegan a la misma respuesta.

Las notas interpretativas comparativas de este capítulo están en preparación. Hasta que las notas revisadas estén listas, esta página separa el texto KJV del resumen y la aplicación sin afirmar que todos los lectores serios coinciden en cada cuestión.

Objetivos de aprendizaje

Ubicar 1 Samuel 30 dentro de 1 Samuel 30 y explicar su función en 1 Samuel.
Describir con evidencia cómo el pasaje desarrolla este enfoque: 1 Samuel 30 se desarrolla mediante sus propias voces, acciones, afirmaciones y consecuencias.
Distinguir una afirmación explícita, una conclusión apoyada por las Escrituras y una interpretación.
Explicar cómo el género narrativa orienta la lectura responsable.
Comparar una canción o un video relacionado con el pasaje y volver al texto para comprobarlo.
Formular una respuesta personal y comunitaria que no exceda la evidencia bíblica.

Preparación del docente

Lee 1 Samuel 30 dos veces y lee también lo que ocurre inmediatamente antes y después.
Repasa el movimiento del libro: 1 Samuel 30 (1 Samuel 30).
Marca hablantes, acciones, palabras repetidas, mandatos, contrastes, promesas y consecuencias.
Revisa previamente los medios relacionados y anota dónde resumen, interpretan o dramatizan el texto.
Prepara una forma de participación que permita responder sin obligar a revelar experiencias personales.

Comprobación de evidencia e interpretación

Explícito

Escribe dos afirmaciones que 1 Samuel 30 declara directamente y cita los versículos.

Apoyado por las Escrituras

Formula una conclusión que reúna varias partes de 1 Samuel 30. Explica cada paso.

Inferencia fuerte

Indica qué conclusión sigue de cerca el texto aunque no aparezca en una sola frase.

Lectura posible o tradicional

Si existen varias lecturas responsables, presenta la diferencia y no la conviertas en certeza.

Límite

No uses la especulación como conclusión docente.