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Moses Survives and Leaves Egypt

Exodus 2

The big picture

Pharaoh, Egypt's king, has ordered every newborn Hebrew boy, meaning an Israelite boy, to be thrown into the river. Exodus now follows Moses, a child born into the house of Levi, one tribal family line within Israel, Jacob's descendants. His mother hides him, then places him beside the Nile, Egypt's great river. Pharaoh's daughter finds him and later raises him as her son. As an adult, Moses kills an Egyptian who is beating a Hebrew. He flees to Midian, a land outside Egypt. Back in Egypt, Israel remains enslaved and cries out to God.

In this chapter

Central truth

Moses survives Pharaoh's death order, becomes an exile after killing an Egyptian, and settles in Midian while Israel remains enslaved.

Exodus 2: Moses Survives and Leaves Egypt
Chapter sceneExodus 2

Scripture beside the summary

Exodus · King James Version · 25

Exodus 2:1-4

A Mother Hides Her Son

A man and woman from the family line of Levi have a son while Pharaoh's order is in force. The mother sees that he is a fine child and hides him for three months. She eventually cannot keep him hidden. She makes a small basket from bulrushes and seals it with waterproofing material. Then she places the child inside and sets the basket among reeds beside the river. She does not send him into the open current. The baby's sister stays at a distance and watches. The family cannot stop Pharaoh's policy, but they act to keep this one child alive.

Exodus 2:1-4: A Mother Hides Her Son
Chapter sceneExodus 2

In everyday life

One mother keeps her infant hidden from violent authorities for as long as she can. She then arranges a risky escape and asks an older daughter to watch nearby. Every choice carries danger, and none gives certainty. The modern family is escaping danger; Moses faces a royal order aimed at killing boys like him.

Notice

Exodus 2:3 The basket is placed among reeds at the river's edge. The mother does not send the baby drifting away, and his sister remains nearby to watch.

Exodus 2:1-4

King James Version

1And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi.

2And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months.

3And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the child therein; and she laid it in the flags by the river’s brink.

4And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.

Exodus 2:5-10

Pharaoh's Daughter Adopts Moses

Pharaoh's daughter comes to the river with her attendants. She notices the basket among the reeds and sends a servant to get it. When she opens it, she sees a crying baby. She knows he is a Hebrew child and feels compassion for him. Moses' sister then offers to find a Hebrew woman to nurse him. Pharaoh's daughter agrees. The girl brings the baby's own mother. Pharaoh's daughter pays her to nurse the child. When Moses is older, his mother brings him back. Pharaoh's daughter adopts him as her son and names him Moses because she drew him from the water.

Exodus 2:5-10: Pharaoh's Daughter Adopts Moses
Chapter sceneExodus 2

In everyday life

A caseworker finds an endangered infant and needs a safe caregiver at once. A nearby girl offers to bring a trusted nursing woman. The caregiver turns out to be the child's own mother. She gets time to feed and protect him before adoption changes his home. Unlike the caseworker, Pharaoh's daughter belongs to the ruler's household that threatened Hebrew boys.

Notice

Exodus 2:9 Moses' own mother is paid to nurse him. Pharaoh's household ends up funding the care of a Hebrew boy whom Pharaoh's policy placed in danger.

Exodus 2:5-10

King James Version

5And the daughter of Pharaoh came down to wash herself at the river; and her maidens walked along by the river’s side; and when she saw the ark among the flags, she sent her maid to fetch it.

6And when she had opened it, she saw the child: and, behold, the babe wept. And she had compassion on him, and said, This is one of the Hebrews’ children.

7Then said his sister to Pharaoh’s daughter, Shall I go and call to thee a nurse of the Hebrew women, that she may nurse the child for thee?

8And Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, Go. And the maid went and called the child’s mother.

9And Pharaoh’s daughter said unto her, Take this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages. And the woman took the child, and nursed it.

10And the child grew, and she brought him unto Pharaoh’s daughter, and he became her son. And she called his name Moses: and she said, Because I drew him out of the water.

Exodus 2:11-15

Moses Kills and Flees Egypt

Moses grows up and goes out to see the forced labour of the Hebrews, whom he regards as his own people. He sees an Egyptian beating a Hebrew. Moses looks around, sees no one, kills the Egyptian and hides the body in sand. The next day he finds two Hebrews fighting. He challenges the man doing wrong. That man asks who made Moses a ruler or judge and mentions the killing. Moses realizes his act is known and becomes afraid. Pharaoh hears about it and seeks to kill him. Moses flees Egypt and settles in Midian, where he sits beside a well.

Exodus 2:11-15: Moses Kills and Flees Egypt
Chapter sceneExodus 2

In everyday life

A man raised close to the ruling class sees a guard beating a worker from his own community. He kills the guard and hides the body. By the next day, others already know. He runs before the authorities seize him. Moses faces Pharaoh's rule, not a modern court with normal legal protections.

Notice

Exodus 2:14 Moses learns from another Hebrew that the killing is already known. His attempt to hide the act has failed before Pharaoh is even mentioned.

Exodus 2:11-15

King James Version

11And it came to pass in those days, when Moses was grown, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens: and he spied an Egyptian smiting an Hebrew, one of his brethren.

12And he looked this way and that way, and when he saw that there was no man, he slew the Egyptian, and hid him in the sand.

13And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the Hebrews strove together: and he said to him that did the wrong, Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?

14And he said, Who made thee a prince and a judge over us? intendest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? And Moses feared, and said, Surely this thing is known.

15Now when Pharaoh heard this thing, he sought to slay Moses. But Moses fled from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt in the land of Midian: and he sat down by a well.

Exodus 2:16-22

Moses Starts a Life in Midian

Seven daughters of Reuel, a priest in Midian, come to a well to water their father's flock. Other shepherds drive them away after they have filled the troughs. Moses steps in, helps the women and waters the animals. They return home earlier than usual. Reuel asks why, and they explain that an Egyptian helped them. He tells his daughters to invite Moses to eat. Moses agrees to stay with the family. Reuel gives his daughter Zipporah to Moses as a wife. They have a son. Moses names him Gershom because he sees himself as a foreigner living away from home.

Exodus 2:16-22: Moses Starts a Life in Midian
Chapter sceneExodus 2

In everyday life

A newcomer at a laundromat sees several sisters pushed away from machines they have already prepared. He steps in and helps them finish. Their family later invites him to dinner, and a friendship begins. Moses is an exile after a killing, not an ordinary customer helping strangers.

Notice

Exodus 2:19 The women describe Moses as an Egyptian. Whatever they noticed about him made that identity obvious, even though Moses sees the Hebrews as his own people.

Exodus 2:16-22

King James Version

16Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters: and they came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father’s flock.

17And the shepherds came and drove them away: but Moses stood up and helped them, and watered their flock.

18And when they came to Reuel their father, he said, How is it that ye are come so soon to day?

19And they said, An Egyptian delivered us out of the hand of the shepherds, and also drew water enough for us, and watered the flock.

20And he said unto his daughters, And where is he? why is it that ye have left the man? call him, that he may eat bread.

21And Moses was content to dwell with the man: and he gave Moses Zipporah his daughter.

22And she bare him a son, and he called his name Gershom: for he said, I have been a stranger in a strange land.

Exodus 2:23-25

God Hears Israel's Groaning

A long time passes, and the king of Egypt dies. Israel's slavery does not die with him. The people groan under forced labour and cry out. Their cry reaches God. God hears them and remembers his covenant with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, Israel's earlier ancestors. Remembering here means acting in line with a commitment already made, not recovering a forgotten fact. God looks on the Israelites and takes notice of their condition. The chapter closes with Israel still enslaved, but with God fully aware of their suffering and of his covenant promises.

Exodus 2:23-25: God Hears Israel's Groaning
Chapter sceneExodus 2

In everyday life

A son sorting his late father's papers finds a signed promise to care for an elderly aunt. He begins making the promised payments instead of leaving the document in a drawer. An old commitment now directs present action. God's covenant is not a private family promise between human beings.

Notice

Exodus 2:24 The king's death does not end Israel's slavery. The turning point begins when God hears their groaning and remembers his covenant with their ancestors.

Exodus 2:23-25

King James Version

23And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.

24And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob.

25And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God had respect unto them.

Details worth noticing

25verses in this reading
5major movements
11verses with speech
5questions in the KJV text

The opening image

Exodus 2:1 begins with “And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi.”

Where the chapter turns

Exodus 2:13 forms a natural hinge: “And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the Hebrews strove together: and he said to him that did the wrong, Wherefore smitest thou thy…”

The final note

Exodus 2:25 leaves the reader with “And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God had respect unto them.”

A word trail through the chapter

The words Moses, child, daughter, Egyptian, Pharaoh’s, water help reveal the chapter’s repeated concerns.

KJV words made clear

bulrushes
Tall wetland plants used here to make a small floating basket.
slime
A waterproofing substance spread on the basket together with pitch.
flags
Reeds or similar plants growing along the riverbank.
to wit
To know, here meaning to find out what would happen.
intendest
Mean or plan, here asking whether Moses plans another killing.

Music and video connected to the passage

Related media appears when its Scripture reference overlaps this study. Music and video can illuminate a theme while the biblical text remains the foundation.

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Source: eBible.org · eng-kjv2006