The big picture
Samson insists on marrying a Philistine woman from Timnath. A lion, honey, a wedding feast, a riddle, threats against the bride, and Samson’s violent payment of the wager begin a cycle in which personal desire and conflict intersect with the LORD’s purpose against Philistia.
Scripture beside the summary
Judges · King James Version · 20Judges 14:1-9
Samson sees, demands, kills, and keeps a secret
Samson asks his parents to obtain a Philistine woman because she pleases him. The narrator notes an occasion against the Philistines, the Spirit empowers Samson against a lion, and Samson later takes honey from its carcass without telling his parents.
Deep dive
The chapter holds divine purpose and flawed human desire together without declaring them identical. Samson’s parents do not know that the situation will provide an occasion against Philistia, but that statement does not turn “she pleaseth me well” into a model for marriage. Providence can work through compromised motives without naming those motives righteous.
Samson’s contact with the carcass and his concealed sharing of honey create tension with his Nazirite consecration, especially the avoidance of death in Numbers 6. The text does not pause to pronounce a formal verdict, but secrecy matters. The lion episode displays God-given strength while the honey episode reveals how Samson uses an extraordinary experience for private appetite and a later riddle.
Words to trace: father, mother, Philistines, Timnath, lion, Samson
Verse-by-verse path
- Judges 14:1
“And Samson went down to Timnath, and saw a woman in Timnath of the daughters of the Philistines.” Naming Timnath and Philistines keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
- Judges 14:2
“And he came up, and told his father and his mother, and said, I have seen a woman in Timnath of the daughters of the…” Naming Philistines and Timnath keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
- Judges 14:3
“Then his father and his mother said unto him, Is there never a woman among the daughters of thy brethren, or among all…” The question slows the passage down. Notice who is being pressed to answer, what the question assumes, and whether the next lines provide a response.
- Judges 14:4
“But his father and his mother knew not that it was of the LORD , that he sought an occasion against the Philistines…” Naming Philistines and Israel keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
- Judges 14:5
“Then went Samson down, and his father and his mother, to Timnath, and came to the vineyards of Timnath: and, behold, a…” Naming Timnath and Samson keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
- Judges 14:6
“And the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he rent him as he would have rent a kid, and he had nothing in…” The verse names Spirit rather than leaving the action without a source. Watch whether the next line continues, answers, or contrasts that action.
- Judges 14:7
“And he went down, and talked with the woman; and she pleased Samson well.” Naming Samson keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
- Judges 14:8
“And after a time he returned to take her, and he turned aside to see the carcase of the lion: and, behold, there was a…” The line’s distinctive content terms include carcase, lion, aside. Its relationship to verses 7 and 9 shows what work it does in this passage.
- Judges 14:9
“And he took thereof in his hands, and went on eating, and came to his father and mother, and he gave them, and they…” The line’s distinctive content terms include carcase, eating, father. Its relationship to verses 8 shows what work it does in this passage.
Judges 14:1-9
King James Version1And Samson went down to Timnath, and saw a woman in Timnath of the daughters of the Philistines.
2And he came up, and told his father and his mother, and said, I have seen a woman in Timnath of the daughters of the Philistines: now therefore get her for me to wife.
3Then his father and his mother said unto him, Is there never a woman among the daughters of thy brethren, or among all my people, that thou goest to take a wife of the uncircumcised Philistines? And Samson said unto his father, Get her for me; for she pleaseth me well.
4But his father and his mother knew not that it was of the LORD , that he sought an occasion against the Philistines: for at that time the Philistines had dominion over Israel.
5Then went Samson down, and his father and his mother, to Timnath, and came to the vineyards of Timnath: and, behold, a young lion roared against him.
6And the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him, and he rent him as he would have rent a kid, and he had nothing in his hand: but he told not his father or his mother what he had done.
7And he went down, and talked with the woman; and she pleased Samson well.
8And after a time he returned to take her, and he turned aside to see the carcase of the lion: and, behold, there was a swarm of bees and honey in the carcase of the lion.
9And he took thereof in his hands, and went on eating, and came to his father and mother, and he gave them, and they did eat: but he told not them that he had taken the honey out of the carcase of the lion.
Judges 14:10-20
A wedding riddle becomes coercion and bloodshed
Samson proposes a riddle with garments at stake. The Philistine companions threaten his wife and her father’s house, she presses Samson until he tells her, and the men answer through her. Samson kills thirty men at Ashkelon to pay the wager and leaves angry.
Deep dive
The feast begins as competition and turns coercive when the companions cannot solve the riddle. Their threat against the bride’s household makes her fear understandable, even though Samson experiences her disclosure as betrayal. The passage gives no safe relationship: men threaten her, she weeps under pressure, and Samson withholds the answer until persistent conflict breaks the secrecy.
The Spirit’s empowering of Samson for the act at Ashkelon belongs to the conflict with Philistia, but it should not be used to baptize anger, gambling, or killing for personal payment as universal virtues. The chapter ends without a restored marriage. Samson’s wife is given to his companion, and the unresolved humiliation drives the retaliation in chapter 15.
Words to trace: riddle, thirty, told, change, days, declare
Verse-by-verse path
- Judges 14:10
“So his father went down unto the woman: and Samson made there a feast; for so used the young men to do.” This line supplies a reason, result, or conclusion. It should stay attached to the claim or action that gives it meaning.
- Judges 14:11
“And it came to pass, when they saw him, that they brought thirty companions to be with him.” This familiar narrative signal moves the clock forward. What follows is a new scene, consequence, or answer to an earlier tension.
- Judges 14:12
“And Samson said unto them, I will now put forth a riddle unto you: if ye can certainly declare it me within the seven…” The number seven makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.
- Judges 14:13
“But if ye cannot declare it me, then shall ye give me thirty sheets and thirty change of garments. And they said unto…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.
- Judges 14:14
“And he said unto them, Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness. And they could…” The number three makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.
- Judges 14:15
“And it came to pass on the seventh day, that they said unto Samson’s wife, Entice thy husband, that he may declare…” This familiar narrative signal moves the clock forward. What follows is a new scene, consequence, or answer to an earlier tension.
- Judges 14:16
“And Samson’s wife wept before him, and said, Thou dost but hate me, and lovest me not: thou hast put forth a riddle…” The question slows the passage down. Notice who is being pressed to answer, what the question assumes, and whether the next lines provide a response.
- Judges 14:17
“And she wept before him the seven days, while their feast lasted: and it came to pass on the seventh day, that he told…” This familiar narrative signal moves the clock forward. What follows is a new scene, consequence, or answer to an earlier tension.
- Judges 14:18
“And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? and…” The question slows the passage down. Notice who is being pressed to answer, what the question assumes, and whether the next lines provide a response.
- Judges 14:19
“And the Spirit of the LORD came upon him, and he went down to Ashkelon, and slew thirty men of them, and took their…” The number thirty makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.
- Judges 14:20
“But Samson’s wife was given to his companion, whom he had used as his friend.” Naming Samson keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.
Judges 14:10-20
King James Version10So his father went down unto the woman: and Samson made there a feast; for so used the young men to do.
11And it came to pass, when they saw him, that they brought thirty companions to be with him.
12And Samson said unto them, I will now put forth a riddle unto you: if ye can certainly declare it me within the seven days of the feast, and find it out, then I will give you thirty sheets and thirty change of garments:
13But if ye cannot declare it me, then shall ye give me thirty sheets and thirty change of garments. And they said unto him, Put forth thy riddle, that we may hear it.
14And he said unto them, Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness. And they could not in three days expound the riddle.
15And it came to pass on the seventh day, that they said unto Samson’s wife, Entice thy husband, that he may declare unto us the riddle, lest we burn thee and thy father’s house with fire: have ye called us to take that we have? is it not so?
16And Samson’s wife wept before him, and said, Thou dost but hate me, and lovest me not: thou hast put forth a riddle unto the children of my people, and hast not told it me. And he said unto her, Behold, I have not told it my father nor my mother, and shall I tell it thee?
17And she wept before him the seven days, while their feast lasted: and it came to pass on the seventh day, that he told her, because she lay sore upon him: and she told the riddle to the children of her people.
18And the men of the city said unto him on the seventh day before the sun went down, What is sweeter than honey? and what is stronger than a lion? And he said unto them, If ye had not plowed with my heifer, ye had not found out my riddle.
19And the Spirit of the LORD came upon him, and he went down to Ashkelon, and slew thirty men of them, and took their spoil, and gave change of garments unto them which expounded the riddle. And his anger was kindled, and he went up to his father’s house.
20But Samson’s wife was given to his companion, whom he had used as his friend.
Questions to keep in mind while reading
- Track who acts, who speaks, who is affected, and what changes.
- Notice repeated promises, failures, rescues, and consequences.
- Do not assume the narrator approves every action that is reported.
Text first
Where readers differ
The chapter summary begins with what the passage says and how its parts fit together. It does not assume one denomination has already settled every question. Where a conclusion depends on a tradition, literary theory, or historical reconstruction, that dependence is named openly.
The KJV text is presented first. Interpretive conclusions are labeled, and differences are introduced only when they help a reader understand why serious communities do not always reach the same answer.
Comparative interpretive notes for this chapter are in preparation. Until reviewed notes are ready, this page separates the KJV text from summary and application without claiming that serious readers agree on every question.
Questions beneath the surface
- What account of God, human freedom, responsibility, and the good life emerges from Judges 14?
- Which tension does the chapter refuse to resolve quickly?
- What changes when the chapter is read as part of the whole canon rather than as an isolated moral story?
- Where might a sincere reader confuse a familiar tradition with something the text states directly?
Questions for serious personal contemplation
These open-ended questions make room for tension, honest response, prayer, and conclusions that remain accountable to the chapter.
Observe without rushing
What part of Judges 14 makes you stop, feel unsettled, or feel surprised, and why?
Which detail in the passage would be easiest to overlook? How does that detail change your understanding?
Where do you see tension between what happens and this focus: Judges 14 develops its own movement around father, riddle, mother, told, Samson?
What important question does the passage leave open instead of resolving quickly?
Examine your inner life honestly
Which person, response, fear, or desire in the passage feels most like your own life right now?
What assumption about God, other people, or yourself does this text challenge?
Which part would you rather soften, avoid, or explain away too quickly? What might that reaction reveal?
If this Scripture could ask you one direct question, what do you think it would ask?
Respond with wisdom and courage
What do you need to remember, confess, grieve, thank God for, or trust after reading this passage?
How might another faithful person read this situation differently without ignoring the text?
What obedient response would be costly, uncomfortable, or slow, yet still faithful to Scripture?
What question will you carry into prayer this week, and which verses will you keep in front of you?
