Luke 15

Luke 15

The big picture

Luke 15 opens in verse 1 with “Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.”, reaches its middle movement near verse 16 with “And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no…”, and closes in verse 32 with “It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and…” Repeated or prominent terms include father, lost, merry, servants, calf. Together, those details trace this chapter’s own movement from its opening to its conclusion.

Scripture beside the summary

Luke · King James Version · 32

Luke 15:1-8

1–8: Drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.

Luke 15:1–8 opens with “Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.” and reaches “Either what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a candle…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside, with particular weight carried by find, lose, lost.

Deep dive

The movement opens with “Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.” By verse 4, the text has turned to “What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety…” It lands on “Either what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a…” The distance between those lines matters as much as any isolated phrase. The passage has a voice and pulse of its own, including 1 verse with a speech marker, 2 questions. Those features reveal where the narrative slows down, speaks directly, or changes direction.

What Jesus says and does, how each person responds, and how the scene advances toward the cross and resurrection give the passage its shape. Words such as find, lose, lost, nine, ninety, sheep tie the complete block together. The central idea, “A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside,” should remain answerable to the text. Some conclusions are explicit, some gather support across several verses, and others remain strong inferences or interpretations.

Names or load-bearing terms in this scene include Either, Pharisees, Rejoice. Its number language includes hundred, one, nine, ten. The nearest hinge to the center comes in verse 4: “What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go…” That detail helps separate the opening situation from what the passage changes next.

Words to trace: find, lose, lost, nine, ninety, sheep

Verse-by-verse path

  1. Luke 15:1

    “Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.” The line’s distinctive content terms include drew, hear, near. Its relationship to verses 2 shows what work it does in this passage.

  2. Luke 15:2

    “And the Pharisees and scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them.” Naming Pharisees keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  3. Luke 15:3

    “And he spake this parable unto them, saying,” The line’s distinctive content terms include parable, spake. Its relationship to verses 2 and 4 shows what work it does in this passage.

  4. Luke 15:4

    “What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the…” The question slows the passage down. Notice who is being pressed to answer, what the question assumes, and whether the next lines provide a response.

  5. Luke 15:5

    “And when he hath found it, he layeth it on his shoulders, rejoicing.” The line’s distinctive content terms include layeth, rejoicing, shoulders. Its relationship to verses 4 and 6 shows what work it does in this passage.

  6. Luke 15:6

    “And when he cometh home, he calleth together his friends and neighbours, saying unto them, Rejoice with me; for I have…” Naming Rejoice keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  7. Luke 15:7

    “I say unto you, that likewise joy shall be in heaven over one sinner that repenteth, more than over ninety and nine…” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

  8. Luke 15:8

    “Either what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a candle, and sweep the house…” The question slows the passage down. Notice who is being pressed to answer, what the question assumes, and whether the next lines provide a response.

Luke 15:1-8

King James Version

1Then drew near unto him all the publicans and sinners for to hear him.

2And the Pharisees and scribes murmured, saying, This man receiveth sinners, and eateth with them.

3And he spake this parable unto them, saying,

4What man of you, having an hundred sheep, if he lose one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness, and go after that which is lost, until he find it?

5And when he hath found it, he layeth it on his shoulders, rejoicing.

6And when he cometh home, he calleth together his friends and neighbours, saying unto them, Rejoice with me; for I have found my sheep which was lost.

7I say unto you, that likewise joy shall be in heaven over one sinner that repenteth, more than over ninety and nine just persons, which need no repentance.

8Either what woman having ten pieces of silver, if she lose one piece, doth not light a candle, and sweep the house, and seek diligently till she find it?

Luke 15:9-16

9–16: When she hath found it, she calleth her friends and her neighbours…

Luke 15:9–16 opens with “And when she hath found it, she calleth her friends and her neighbours together, saying, Rejoice…” and reaches “And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside, with particular weight carried by country, father, living.

Deep dive

The movement opens with “And when she hath found it, she calleth her friends and her neighbours together, saying…” By verse 12, the text has turned to “And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that…” It lands on “And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man…” The distance between those lines matters as much as any isolated phrase. The passage has a voice and pulse of its own, including 2 verses with a speech marker, 1 verse naming the LORD or God. Those features reveal where the narrative slows down, speaks directly, or changes direction.

What Jesus says and does, how each person responds, and how the scene advances toward the cross and resurrection give the passage its shape. Words such as country, father, living, swine, younger, angels tie the complete block together. The central idea, “A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside,” should remain answerable to the text. Some conclusions are explicit, some gather support across several verses, and others remain strong inferences or interpretations.

Names or load-bearing terms in this scene include Father, God, Likewise, Rejoice. Its number language includes one, two. The nearest hinge to the center comes in verse 12: “And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me. And he divided unto them his…” That detail helps separate the opening situation from what the passage changes next.

Words to trace: country, father, living, swine, younger, angels

Verse-by-verse path

  1. Luke 15:9

    “And when she hath found it, she calleth her friends and her neighbours together, saying, Rejoice with me; for I have…” Naming Rejoice keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  2. Luke 15:10

    “Likewise, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner that repenteth.” The number one makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.

  3. Luke 15:11

    “And he said, A certain man had two sons:” The number two makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.

  4. Luke 15:12

    “And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me. And he divided…” Naming Father keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  5. Luke 15:13

    “And not many days after the younger son gathered all together, and took his journey into a far country, and there…” The line’s distinctive content terms include country, days, gathered. Its relationship to verses 12 and 14 shows what work it does in this passage.

  6. Luke 15:14

    “And when he had spent all, there arose a mighty famine in that land; and he began to be in want.” The line’s distinctive content terms include arose, began, famine. Its relationship to verses 13 and 15 shows what work it does in this passage.

  7. Luke 15:15

    “And he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country; and he sent him into his fields to feed swine.” The line’s distinctive content terms include citizen, country, feed. Its relationship to verses 14 and 16 shows what work it does in this passage.

  8. Luke 15:16

    “And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him.” The line’s distinctive content terms include belly, fain, filled. Its relationship to verses 15 shows what work it does in this passage.

Luke 15:9-16

King James Version

9And when she hath found it, she calleth her friends and her neighbours together, saying, Rejoice with me; for I have found the piece which I had lost.

10Likewise, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner that repenteth.

11And he said, A certain man had two sons:

12And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me. And he divided unto them his living.

13And not many days after the younger son gathered all together, and took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living.

14And when he had spent all, there arose a mighty famine in that land; and he began to be in want.

15And he went and joined himself to a citizen of that country; and he sent him into his fields to feed swine.

16And he would fain have filled his belly with the husks that the swine did eat: and no man gave unto him.

Luke 15:17-24

17–24: When he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father’s…

Luke 15:17–24 opens with “And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father’s have bread enough…” and reaches “For this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found. And they began to be…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside, with particular weight carried by father, servants, heaven.

Deep dive

The movement opens with “And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father’s have bread…” By verse 20, the text has turned to “And he arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw…” It lands on “For this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found. And they began to…” The distance between those lines matters as much as any isolated phrase. The passage has a voice and pulse of its own, including 4 verses with a speech marker, 2 stated contrasts. Those features reveal where the narrative slows down, speaks directly, or changes direction.

What Jesus says and does, how each person responds, and how the scene advances toward the cross and resurrection give the passage its shape. Words such as father, servants, heaven, hired, merry, sinned tie the complete block together. The central idea, “A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside,” should remain answerable to the text. Some conclusions are explicit, some gather support across several verses, and others remain strong inferences or interpretations.

Names or load-bearing terms in this scene include Father, Bring. Its number language includes one. The nearest hinge to the center comes in verse 22: “But the father said to his servants, Bring forth the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his…” That detail helps separate the opening situation from what the passage changes next.

Words to trace: father, servants, heaven, hired, merry, sinned

Verse-by-verse path

  1. Luke 15:17

    “And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father’s have bread enough and to spare, and I…” The line’s distinctive content terms include bread, enough, father’s. Its relationship to verses 18 shows what work it does in this passage.

  2. Luke 15:18

    “I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee,” Naming Father keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  3. Luke 15:19

    “And am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants.” The number one makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.

  4. Luke 15:20

    “And he arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and…” The line’s distinctive content terms include father, arose, compassion. Its relationship to verses 19 and 21 shows what work it does in this passage.

  5. Luke 15:21

    “And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called…” Naming Father keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  6. Luke 15:22

    “But the father said to his servants, Bring forth the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and…” Naming Bring keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  7. Luke 15:23

    “And bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it; and let us eat, and be merry:” The command cannot be understood from the verb alone. Its recipient, purpose, and place in the larger covenant or argument define the responsibility.

  8. Luke 15:24

    “For this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found. And they began to be merry.” This line supplies a reason, result, or conclusion. It should stay attached to the claim or action that gives it meaning.

Luke 15:17-24

King James Version

17And when he came to himself, he said, How many hired servants of my father’s have bread enough and to spare, and I perish with hunger!

18I will arise and go to my father, and will say unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and before thee,

19And am no more worthy to be called thy son: make me as one of thy hired servants.

20And he arose, and came to his father. But when he was yet a great way off, his father saw him, and had compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him.

21And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called thy son.

22But the father said to his servants, Bring forth the best robe, and put it on him; and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet:

23And bring hither the fatted calf, and kill it; and let us eat, and be merry:

24For this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found. And they began to be merry.

Luke 15:25-32

25–32: His elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the…

Luke 15:25–32 opens with “Now his elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard musick…” and reaches “It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is alive…” by its final verse. That movement develops the focus on A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside, with particular weight carried by father, brother, calf.

Deep dive

The movement opens with “Now his elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard…” By verse 28, the text has turned to “And he was angry, and would not go in: therefore came his father out, and intreated him.” It lands on “It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is…” The distance between those lines matters as much as any isolated phrase. The passage has a voice and pulse of its own, including 4 verses with a speech marker, 1 stated contrast. Those features reveal where the narrative slows down, speaks directly, or changes direction.

What Jesus says and does, how each person responds, and how the scene advances toward the cross and resurrection give the passage its shape. Words such as father, brother, calf, fatted, killed, merry tie the complete block together. The central idea, “A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside,” should remain answerable to the text. Some conclusions are explicit, some gather support across several verses, and others remain strong inferences or interpretations.

Names or load-bearing terms in this scene include Son, Thy. Its number language includes one. The nearest hinge to the center comes in verse 30: “But as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf.” That detail helps separate the opening situation from what the passage changes next.

Words to trace: father, brother, calf, fatted, killed, merry

Verse-by-verse path

  1. Luke 15:25

    “Now his elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard musick and dancing.” The line’s distinctive content terms include dancing, drew, elder. Its relationship to verses 26 shows what work it does in this passage.

  2. Luke 15:26

    “And he called one of the servants, and asked what these things meant.” The number one makes the report concrete. Ask whether it measures time, people, distance, repetition, or completeness before deciding what weight it carries.

  3. Luke 15:27

    “And he said unto him, Thy brother is come; and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him…” Naming Thy keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  4. Luke 15:28

    “And he was angry, and would not go in: therefore came his father out, and intreated him.” The line’s distinctive content terms include angry, father, intreated. Its relationship to verses 27 and 29 shows what work it does in this passage.

  5. Luke 15:29

    “And he answering said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee, neither transgressed I at any time thy…” The line’s distinctive content terms include answering, commandment, father. Its relationship to verses 28 and 30 shows what work it does in this passage.

  6. Luke 15:30

    “But as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted…” The line’s distinctive content terms include calf, devoured, fatted. Its relationship to verses 29 and 31 shows what work it does in this passage.

  7. Luke 15:31

    “And he said unto him, Son, thou art ever with me, and all that I have is thine.” Naming Son keeps the account rooted in particular people or places. Follow where the name returns and what changes around it.

  8. Luke 15:32

    “It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is alive again; and was lost…” The line’s distinctive content terms include alive, brother, dead. Its relationship to verses 31 shows what work it does in this passage.

Luke 15:25-32

King James Version

25Now his elder son was in the field: and as he came and drew nigh to the house, he heard musick and dancing.

26And he called one of the servants, and asked what these things meant.

27And he said unto him, Thy brother is come; and thy father hath killed the fatted calf, because he hath received him safe and sound.

28And he was angry, and would not go in: therefore came his father out, and intreated him.

29And he answering said to his father, Lo, these many years do I serve thee, neither transgressed I at any time thy commandment: and yet thou never gavest me a kid, that I might make merry with my friends:

30But as soon as this thy son was come, which hath devoured thy living with harlots, thou hast killed for him the fatted calf.

31And he said unto him, Son, thou art ever with me, and all that I have is thine.

32It was meet that we should make merry, and be glad: for this thy brother was dead, and is alive again; and was lost, and is found.

Questions to keep in mind while reading

  1. Watch what Jesus says and does, and how people respond.
  2. Trace kingdom, discipleship, opposition, cross, and resurrection in the evangelist’s own sequence.
  3. Let later doctrine clarify the scene without erasing its immediate setting.

Text first

Where readers differ

The chapter summary begins with what the passage says and how its parts fit together. It does not assume one denomination has already settled every question. Where a conclusion depends on a tradition, literary theory, or historical reconstruction, that dependence is named openly.

The KJV text is presented first. Interpretive conclusions are labeled, and differences are introduced only when they help a reader understand why serious communities do not always reach the same answer.

Comparative interpretive notes for this chapter are in preparation. Until reviewed notes are ready, this page separates the KJV text from summary and application without claiming that serious readers agree on every question.

Questions beneath the surface

  1. What account of God, human freedom, responsibility, and the good life emerges from Luke 15?
  2. Which tension does the chapter refuse to resolve quickly?
  3. What changes when the chapter is read as part of the whole canon rather than as an isolated moral story?
  4. Where might a sincere reader confuse a familiar tradition with something the text states directly?

Questions for serious personal contemplation

These open-ended questions make room for tension, honest response, prayer, and conclusions that remain accountable to the chapter.

Observe without rushing

  1. What part of Luke 15 makes you stop, feel unsettled, or feel surprised, and why?

  2. Which detail in the passage would be easiest to overlook? How does that detail change your understanding?

  3. Where do you see tension between what happens and this focus: A shepherd finding the sheep, a woman finding the coin, and the father running to receive the returning son while the elder son remains outside?

  4. What important question does the passage leave open instead of resolving quickly?

Examine your inner life honestly

  1. Which person, response, fear, or desire in the passage feels most like your own life right now?

  2. What assumption about God, other people, or yourself does this text challenge?

  3. Which part would you rather soften, avoid, or explain away too quickly? What might that reaction reveal?

  4. If this Scripture could ask you one direct question, what do you think it would ask?

Respond with wisdom and courage

  1. What do you need to remember, confess, grieve, thank God for, or trust after reading this passage?

  2. How might another faithful person read this situation differently without ignoring the text?

  3. What obedient response would be costly, uncomfortable, or slow, yet still faithful to Scripture?

  4. What question will you carry into prayer this week, and which verses will you keep in front of you?